Developments in direct dyes for cellulosic materials

Shore, John

doi:10.1111/j.1478-4408.1991.tb00079.x

Cited by 19 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 75 publications

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“…Because there is no energy field present, these energy systems can produce impressive results when tested on dyes that are relatively slow or less color exhausting. 2 Microwave irradiation has been successfully used in a number of classical processes. Microwave heating is a precise, noncontact, quick, consistent, clean, and energy-efficient method, among other major advantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Microwave Irradiation on Coloring and Mechanical Properties of Direct Dyed Fabric

Farooq,

Shahzadi,

Ashraf

et al. 2023

AATCC Journal of Research

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Microwaves have a very short wavelength which allows them to pass through the small spaces between molecules without being scattered. This allows the microwaves to penetrate the matter and heat it from the inside out, providing uniform heat, and makes microwave technology ideal for applications that require rapid and consistent heating. It has been hypothesized that microwaves may have a positive effect on the shade depth and color fastness of the fabric due to the increased temperature. This research is being done to test this hypothesis and to study the effects of microwaves on the shade depth and color fastness properties of the fabric. Microwave-irradiated fabric dyed before and after dyeing has a greater shade depth and better fastness properties than fabric dyed without irradiation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Microwave Irradiation on Coloring and Mechanical Properties of Direct Dyed Fabric

Farooq,

Shahzadi,

Ashraf

et al. 2023

AATCC Journal of Research

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show abstract

Dyes, General Survey

Mustroph

2014

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

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Textile Dyeing

Leube¹,

Rüttiger²,

Kühnel³

et al. 2000

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

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The article contains sections titled: 1. History, Economic Importance 1.1. Historical Dyeing Methods 1.2. Economic Importance of Textile Dyeing 2. Dyeing Technology 2.1. General 2.1.1. History 2.1.2. The Field of Dyeing Technology 2.1.3. Fundamental Principles of Dyeing 2.1.3.1. Dyeing Systems 2.1.3.2. Phases of Exhaustion Dyeing 2.1.3.3. Dyeing Phase (Dyeing Kinetics) 2.1.3.4. Equilibrium Phase 2.1.3.5. Dye Fixation, Improvement of Colorfastness 2.1.3.6. Sources of Further Process Data 2.2. Batchwise Dyeing (Bath Dyeing) 2.2.1. Fundamental Principles and Equipment 2.2.2. Theoretical and Technical Fundamental Principles 2.2.3. Circulating Machines (Stationary Goods, Circulating Liquor) 2.2.3.1. Systems and Functions 2.2.3.2. Loose Stock Dyeing Machines 2.2.3.3. Package Dyeing Machines (Cross‐Wound Packages) 2.2.3.4. Hank Dyeing Machines 2.2.3.5. Beam Dyeing 2.2.4. Circulating‐Goods Machines with Textile Storage (Winch Type) 2.2.4.1. System and Functions 2.2.4.2. The Winch Beck 2.2.4.3. Jet Dyeing Machines 2.2.4.4. Overflow Dyeing Machines 2.2.4.5. The Air Jet (“Airflow”) Dyeing Machine 2.2.5. The Dyeing Jigger 2.2.5.1. Normal (Direct) Jig Dyeing 2.2.5.2. Pad Jig Process 2.2.6. Special Bath Dyeing Equipment 2.2.6.1. Star‐Shaped Dyeing Frames 2.2.6.2. Machines for Dyeing Hanks of Yarn 2.2.6.3. Paddle Dyeing Machine 2.2.6.4. Rotary Dyeing Machine 2.2.6.5. Cabinet Dyeing 2.2.6.6. Hosiery Dyeing Machines 2.2.7. Automatic Control of Bath Dyeing 2.2.7.1. Aims 2.2.7.2. Functions of Automatic Control 2.2.7.3. Equipment Requirements 2.3. Continuous and Semicontinuous Dyeing 2.3.1. The Principal Stages of Continuous Dyeing 2.3.1.1. Dye Pickup 2.3.1.2. Intermediate Drying 2.3.1.3. Dye Fixation 2.3.1.4. Aftertreatment of the Dyed Fabric (Finishing) 2.3.2. Dyeing Plants 2.3.3. Continuous Dyeing of Yarn and Fiber 2.3.4. Automatic Operation of Continuous Dyeing Plants 2.3.4.1. Important Process Stages and their Automation 2.3.4.2. Technology of Automation 2.4. Laboratory Dyeing Techniques 2.4.1. Objectives 2.4.2. Laboratory Dyeing 2.4.2.1. Typical Laboratory Equipment 2.4.2.2. Small‐Scale Production Equipment 2.4.3. Laboratory Dyeing Technology 2.5. Techniques of Dispensing Products used in Dyeing 2.5.1. Dispensing of Dyes 2.5.2. Dispensing of Dye Auxiliaries 2.5.3. Dispensing of Chemicals 2.5.4. Preparation of the Initial Liquor Charge and its Replenishment 2.5.4.1. Batch Dyeing 2.5.4.2. Continuous Dyeing 2.6. Colorimetry 2.6.1. Measuring Instruments 2.6.2. Methods of Expressing Colorimetric Results 2.6.3. Developments in Colorimetry 3. Physical Properties of Textiles Important for Dyeing 3.1. Classification of Textile Properties 3.2. Fibers 3.3. Yarns 3.4. Fabrics 3.5. Makeup of Textiles for Dyeing 4. Dyeing of Cellulose Fibers 4.1. Dyeing with Reactive Dyes 4.1.1. Fundamentals 4.1.2. Dyeing Techniques 4.1.3. Special Processes and Development Trends 4.2. Dyeing with Direct Dyes 4.2.1. Applications and Properties 4.2.2. Dyeing Principle 4.2.3. Pretreatment of Substrates 4.2.4. Dyeing Parameters 4.2.5. Dyeing Techniques 4.2.6. Special Processes 4.2.7. Aftertreatment 4.3. Dyeing with Anthraquinone Vat Dyes 4.3.1. Chemistry of Vat Dyes 4.3.2. Vatting 4.3.3. Dye Absorption in the Exhaustion Process 4.3.4.

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Developments in direct dyes for cellulosic materials

Cited by 19 publications

References 75 publications

Effect of Microwave Irradiation on Coloring and Mechanical Properties of Direct Dyed Fabric

Effect of Microwave Irradiation on Coloring and Mechanical Properties of Direct Dyed Fabric

Dyes, General Survey

Textile Dyeing

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