Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2008-2009

Abstract

This review highlights developments in mycotoxin analysis and sampling over a period between mid-2008 and mid-2009. It covers the major mycotoxins: aflatoxins, alternaria toxins, cyclopiazonic acid, fumonisins, ochratoxin, patulin, trichothecenes and zearalenone. Developments in mycotoxin analysis continue, with emphasis on novel immunological methods and further description of LC-MS and LC-MS/MS, particularly as multimycotoxin applications for different ranges of mycotoxins. Although falling outside the main emphasis of the review, some aspects of natural occurrence have been mentioned, especially if linked to novel method developments.

Development and validation of a new LC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of six major ergot alkaloids and their corresponding epimers. Application to some food and feed commodities

“…Different methods have been reported for the analysis of ergot alkaloids, including thin layer chromatography (TLC) (Salvat & Godoy, 2001), capillary electrophoresis (CE) (Franch & Blaschke, 1998), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Hill et al, 2001), gas chromatography (GC) with electron capture detection (ECD) (Barrow & Quigley, 1975), liquid chromatography (LC) with ultraviolet (Veress, 1993), fluorescence (Komarova & Tolkachev, 2001;Storm et al, 2008) or mass spectrometric (MS) (Burk et al, 2006;Kokkonen & Jestoi, 2010;Krska, Stubbings, Macarthur, & Crews, 2008;Mohamed, Gremaud, Rychoz-Payot, Tabet, & Guy, 2006) detection. In recent years, LC-MS has become the method of choice for mycotoxin determination (Shephard et al, 2011;Spanjer, 2010), and has provided an unequivocal identification of ergot alkaloids in various matrices (Friedrich et al, 2004;Lehner, Craig, Fannin, Bush, & Tobin, 2005;Mohamed et al, 2006). However, validated LC-MS methods for the simultaneous quantitative determination of the major ergot alkaloids in food and feed are scarce.…”

Analytical performances of a DNA-ligand system using time-resolved fluorescence for the determination of ochratoxin A in wheat

“…This was due to the long lifetime of the fluorescent lanthanide chelates that in combination with time-resolved measurement effectively removes short-lifetime background fluorescence, leading to high signal-to-noise ratios, and enhances the sensitivity remarkably [42]. Quantification by timeresolved fluoroimmunoassay using fluorescent lanthanide chelates has been reported for the determination of some mycotoxins, including OTA [9,10]. Moreover, a method using TRF spectroscopy after postcolumn enhancement with terbium was previously described for detection of OTA and citrinin in spiked soft cheeses [43].…”

“…Analytical methods for the detection of OTA, alone or in combination with other mycotoxins, have been reviewed [7][8][9][10]. Immunoaffinity column (IAC) clean-up in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FLD) is the most widely used procedure for the determination of OTA in food and feed.…”

Detection of deoxynivalenol using biolayer interferometry

“…Several reviews have been published recently on mycotoxin analysis (Krska et al 2008;Turner et al 2009;Maragos and Busman 2010;Shephard et al 2010), and on trichothecene analysis in particular (Pascale et al 2008a). Chromatographic methods such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography are commonly used, and many of the current multi-toxin methods using HPLC with mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-MS) include this toxin and related trichothecenes (Cavaliere et al 2007;Sulyok et al 2010).…”