Developments in the chemistry and band gap engineering of donor–acceptor substituted conjugated polymers

Mullekom, H van

doi:10.1016/s0927-796x(00)00029-2

Cited by 545 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…The theoretical band gap, E g , of polythiophene decreases with increasing number of monomer units, in agreement with the particle-in-a-box model (van Mullekom, 2001). …”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…Figure 3 depicts a theoretical relationship for a polythiophene oligomer (Van Mullekom, 2001). Using the 1D particle-in-box model, assuming a carbon-carbon bond of 0.14 nm (the length of C-C bonds in a benzene ring), the maximum wavelength of absorption of 1,3-butadiene is expected to be approximately 207 nm and by experiment it is found to be 217 nm (Soderberg, 2012), showing that this method is somewhat reliable.…”

Section: The Conductivity Of Conjugated Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surfactant Formulations for Water-Based Processing of a Polythiophene Derivative

Danesh¹

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vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank Professor Shanju Zhang for his invaluable guidance both in and out of lab. Dr. Zhang has been an excellent advisor and provided myself, and the rest of our research group, with every opportunity to expand our research experiences. I am extremely grateful for his patience, support, advice, and above all his determination to see his students excel. Without Dr. Zhang I would certainly not be where I am today.

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“…The theoretical band gap, E g , of polythiophene decreases with increasing number of monomer units, in agreement with the particle-in-a-box model (van Mullekom, 2001). …”

supporting

confidence: 83%

Section: The Conductivity Of Conjugated Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactant Formulations for Water-Based Processing of a Polythiophene Derivative

Danesh¹

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“…Since the discovery of electroluminescence in poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) [38], light-emitting OSCs have provided photo and electroluminescence in the UV-visible range with high emission efficiencies and large stimulated emission cross-sections [39][40][41][42]. Tunable chemical synthesis methods have allowed for control over electronic band-gap structure, optical properties, and electro-chemical redox at the molecular level [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] for the production of π-conjugated small molecules, oligomers, and polymers with optical and electronic properties suitable for a variety of applications of OSCs [43][44][45][46][47][53][54][55][56]. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) [38,57,58] and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) [59][60][61], for instance, form the foundation of organic electronic circuits, and OLEDS now provide low operating voltage for efficient lighting and displays used in our everyday lives [62].…”

Section: Organic Semiconductor Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospinning for nano- to mesoscale photonic structures

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The fabrication of photonic and electronic structures and devices has directed the manufacturing industry for the last 50 years. Currently, the majority of small-scale photonic devices are created by traditional microfabrication techniques that create features by processes such as lithography and electron or ion beam direct writing. Microfabrication techniques are often expensive and slow. In contrast, the use of electrospinning (ES) in the fabrication of microand nano-scale devices for the manipulation of photons and electrons provides a relatively simple and economic viable alternative. ES involves the delivery of a polymer solution to a capillary held at a high voltage relative to the fiber deposition surface. Electrostatic force developed between the collection plate and the polymer promotes fiber deposition onto the collection plate. Issues with ES fabrication exist primarily due to an instability region that exists between the capillary and collection plate and is characterized by chaotic motion of the depositing polymer fiber. Material limitations to ES also exist; not all polymers of interest are amenable to the ES process due to process dependencies on molecular weight and chain entanglement or incompatibility with other polymers and overall process compatibility. Passive and active electronic and photonic fibers fabricated through the ES have great potential for use in light generation and collection in optical and electronic structures/ devices. ES produces fiber devices that can be combined with inorganic, metallic, biological, or organic materials for novel device design. Synergistic material selection and postprocessing techniques are also utilized for broad-ranging applications of organic nanofibers that span from biological to electronic, photovoltaic, or photonic. As the ability to electrospin optically and/or electronically active materials in a controlled manner continues to improve, the complexity and diversity of devices fabricated from this process can be expected to grow rapidly and provide an alternative to traditional resource-intensive fabrication techniques.

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“…In the last decade, the interest in the organic electronic devices has increased signiicantly; however, some efects on their operation are not fully understood, in particular the interface efects of the substrate/polymer and energy transfer of excited carriers [9,[14][15][16]. Since the physical-chemistry properties and investigation of organic active layers, such as P3ATs thin solid ilms, can elucidate the development of new optoelectronic devices [16][17][18]. Interface efects cause signiicant quenching of excited carriers and it is commonly investigated by conventional spectroscopic techniques [15,19], such as ultraviolet-visible absorption (UV-Vis), photoluminescence (PL), photoluminescence excitation (PLE), vibrational spectroscopy (FT-IR and RAMAN) [8,12,20,21] and the morphological technique of atomic force microscopy (AFM) [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Deposition of P3AT Films Used as a Probe of Optical Properties in Polymeric System

Sá¹,

Basílio²,

Santana³

et al. 2017

Modern Technologies for Creating the Thin-Film Systems and Coatings

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Poly(3-alkylthiophene) (P3ATs) have been extensively used in photovoltaic devices such as a p-type organic Semiconductors. However, several electronic properties of P3ATs present energy transfer inter-and intra-chains that have direct consequences on the performance of optoelectronic devices. Traditionally electrochemical techniques, such as cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and chronocoulometry, have been applied to process polymer thin ilms and unconventional spectroscopy techniques are used to characterize the electronic properties. In the present work, we used an innovative technique called ellipsometry emission to investigate the optical properties of P3AT ilms. We propose a new approach to study the electrochemical synthesize and unintentional doping processes of polymeric systems. We showed a strong correlation between the electrochemical synthesis and the optical properties controlling the ilm growth conditions for P3ATs. The results obtained in the present study can be potentially utilized for applications in organic devices, mainly in photovoltaic cells when the ilm deposition and the optical properties control are relevant.

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Developments in the chemistry and band gap engineering of donor–acceptor substituted conjugated polymers

Cited by 545 publications

References 135 publications

Surfactant Formulations for Water-Based Processing of a Polythiophene Derivative

Surfactant Formulations for Water-Based Processing of a Polythiophene Derivative

Electrospinning for nano- to mesoscale photonic structures

Electrochemical Deposition of P3AT Films Used as a Probe of Optical Properties in Polymeric System

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