Deviations in Refractive Index Parameters and Applicability of Mixing Rules in Binary Mixtures of Benzene + 1,2-Dichloroethane at Different Temperatures

Abstract

The refractive indices, n D , of pure benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) and those of their binary mixtures have been measured over the whole composition range and at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, and 318.15 K. Using the experimental n D data, deviations in refractive indices, Dn D , molar refraction, DR m , reduced free volume, DðV =R m Þ, and internal pressure, DP int , have been estimated. Parameters of polynomial equations, which represent the composition dependence of physical and derived properties, are gathered. The results are discussed in terms of molecular interactions between the component molecules. Applicability of eight different refractive index mixing rules-Lorentz-Lorenz, Weiner, Gladstone-Dale, Heller, Arago-Biot, Newton, Eykman, and Oster's relation-is tested against the measured results, and good agreement has been obtained. Moreover, molecular radii, r, and average molecular radii ðr mix Þ of the liquids and their mixtures have been calculated.

Density, Viscosity, Refractive Index, and Speed of Sound in Binary Mixtures of Pyridine and 1‐Alkanols (C6, C7, C8, C10) at 303.15 K

“…As the size of alkyl group decreases from 1-decanol to 1-hexanol, the steric hindrance also decreases, resulting in increased strength of H-bonding, dipole-dipole, and dipole-induced dipole interactions between unlike molecules, thereby, making ∆R m decrease in the order: 1-hexanol＜1-heptanol＜ 1-octanol＜1-decanol. Our finding is supported by the view 23,33 that ∆R m tends to decrease as the strength of interaction between the component molecules in the mixture increases. Furthermore, the extent of interactions between the component molecules in a mixture is well reflected in the parameters like apparent molar volume, apparent molar compressibility, partial molar volume and partial molar compressibility.…”

Simple corrections for the static dielectric constant of liquid mixtures from model force fields

“…This infinite frequency correction to the static dielectric constant can be quantified using the refractive index. In fact, the index of refraction has been explored as a manner to experimentally determine 74 the excess molar volumes of the different components in a solution, such as in alcohol-water mixtures 75 , hydrocarbon-alcohol mixtures 76 , and other solutions [77][78][79] .…”

Density, Speed of Sound, and Refractive Index of Binary Mixtures of 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Thiocyanate + 2-Alkanols (C3–C6) at Different Temperatures T = (288.15-338.15) K

“…There exist a number of different theoretical, semiempirical and empirical relations to estimate the resulting refractive index of two- (or multicomponent) systems using as input the refractive index of each pure component and the composition expressed in volume fractions of each i th component, φ i . − This subsection inspects how well these mixing rules, defined in eqs –, perform for the studied binary systems here, which involve an IL as one of the components. …”