Devising Carbon Nanotube, Green Tea, and Polyaniline Based Nanocomposite plus Investigating Its Rheological together with Bactericidal Efficacies

Abstract

Subsequently, engines are designed to operate at low viscosity engine oils. Low viscosity oils take less power from engines, bring down the internal drag, cut the fuel consumption, and ultimately improve the engine’s efficiency. Considering this focus, an approach has been made to formulate a multiwalled carbon nanotube based green tea and polyaniline nanocomposite, that is, GT/MWCNT/PANI, and incorporate it in engine oil (base fluid). The objective was to reduce the viscosity of engine oil by examining the effects of the constant shear rate and varying shear rates on the viscosity of Castrol class 15W-40 engine oil. The investigation was performed at a constant temperature of 25 °C for a fixed volume fraction of 0.1% GT/MWCNT/PANI in engine oil on the experimental setup rheometer from Anton Paar Series. Primordial findings revealed that, at a constant shear rate of 100 s–1, engine oil viscosity was lowered from 0.221000 to 0.001402 Pa·s, that is, 99% reduction in viscosity of the engine oil, after incorporating the GT/MWCNT/PANI nanocomposite. Furthermore, a new correlation has been proposed considering the experimental and theoretical models with an average percentage error of 0.040%. Also, at varying shear rates, up to 90 s–1, the shear viscosity of nanofluid decreases significantly, leading to shear-thinning behavior of the nanofluid, while at a shear rate of >90 s–1, it shows Newtonian behavior. Besides, the ternary nanocomposite with 0.2 wt % GT/MWCNT/PANI also showed significant bactericidal effects with the zones of inhibition of 19, 18, and 15 mm against Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria, respectively, as measured using the well diffusion method.

Biogenic synthesis of a green tea stabilized PPy/SWCNT/CdS nanocomposite and its substantial applications, photocatalytic degradation and rheological behavior

“…This section describes the monitoring of the effect of the use of constant (100 s −1 ) and changing shear rates (0–500 s −1 ) on the viscosity of the NF at a temperature of 25 °C. Initially, the viscosity of pure engine oil, Castrol class: 15W-40, used as a base fluid (bf) and measured using an Anton Paar Series rheometer, was reported to be 0.221 Pa s. 19 The viscosity index data of the nanocomposite 7-PSC in engine oil was collected and studied with respect to the shear rate. Fig.…”

“…The above-synthesized PSC nanocomposite powder was dispersed in Castrol class: 15W-40 engine oil via sonication (30 min) to form the NF. To study the changes in viscosity of the NF, a rheological investigation was carried out using an Anton Paar series rheometer (MCR10 2SN81270415FW 3.70), initially at a constant rate and then at changing shear rates at T ¼ 25 C. 19 The measuring plate was lled with NF (0.15 mL), and its viscosity was measured. The interdependence or proper dispersion of the bf and nanocomposite play major roles in the rheological investigation of the NF.…”

“…Therefore, it is clear that green tea aids the proper dispersion of SWCNTs. 19,22 Recently, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have gained signicant attention in the synthesis of nanocomposites with semiconductors. [23][24][25][26] A literature survey shows that CNTs have three major features.…”

“…There are four different types of catechins present in green tea; (−)-epicatechin (EC), (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). 19 Among all the catechins present in green tea, studies have revealed that EGCG has the strongest activity. 20 This main component, EGCG reacts voluntarily with reactive oxygen species (ROS), 21 and thus, it has been found to disperse SWCNTs in water/non-water media as it can easily donate an electron or hydrogen atom.…”

Synthesis and Application of Nanocomposite Reinforced with Decorated Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube with Luminescence Quantum Dots

“…This acid functionalization changes the character at the ends of the MWCNTs from hydrophobic to hydrophilic by the addition of -COOH group [26].…”