Dexamethasone Suppression Test in Autistic Children

Hoshino, Yoshihiko; Ohno, Yoshinori; Murata, Shigeo; Yokoyama, Fujio; Kaneko, Motohisa; Kumashiro, Hisashi

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1984.tb00793.x

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The response was graded—cortisol and sAA levels were higher when IQ was lower. Previous research has observed that children with autism with an IQ < 60 (termed poorly developed) had higher plasma cortisol levels before and after the dexamethasone suppression test (Hoshino et al 1984). In a later study, four of five poorly developed AUT were non-suppressors and tended to have higher afternoon cortisol values compared to suppressors (Hoshino et al 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daytime Secretion of Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase in Preschool-Aged Children with Autism and Typically Developing Children

Kidd

Corbett

Granger

et al. 2012

J Autism Dev Disord

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daytime Secretion of Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase in Preschool-Aged Children with Autism and Typically Developing Children

Kidd

Corbett

Granger

et al. 2012

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…Jensen and colleagues (1985), for example, found that 85% of their participants (11 out of 13) did not show the expected cortisol suppression effect after the DST. Similarly, Hoshino and colleagues (1984; 1987) found that relatively few children and adolescents with autistic disorder exhibited cortisol suppression after the DST, with lack of suppression particularly pronounced for those who were lower functioning.…”

Section: Responsiveness Of Cortisol In Asdmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…For example, Hoshino and colleagues (1984) found that none of the lower functioning children and adolescents with autistic disorder demonstrated cortisol suppression; however, suppression rates for the higher functioning individuals with autistic disorder did not differ from other clinical and non-clinical populations. This was confirmed in the authors’ later study (Hoshino et al, 1987), in which they found that just over one-half of the higher functioning children with autistic disorder, and only 20% of the lower functioning children had the expected cortisol suppression response.…”

Section: Issues and Considerations In Cortisol Studies In Asdmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Studies examining the rhythm of cortisol in ASD generally find dysregulation in the diurnal cycle as a whole in lower functioning children (e.g., Hoshino et al, 1984). However, limited evidence exists for alterations in higher functioning individuals and specific aspects of the diurnal cycle (CAR, daily decline) relative to TD individuals.…”

Section: Summary Of Rhythm and Responsiveness Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When altered circadian rhythms are observed, it is usually in lower functioning individuals (Hill et al, 1977; Hoshino et al, 1987). Basic regulatory processes may also be slower to respond and recover in ASD, which has also been related to lower level of functioning (Hamza et al, 2010; Hoshino et al, 1984; Hoshino et al, 1987; Jensen et al, 1985). Although morning and afternoon levels of cortisol generally show no difference compared to control groups, heightened evening cortisol has been associated with poor adaptation to daily events (Corbett et al, 2008; Corbett et al, 2009).…”

Section: Issues and Considerations In Cortisol Studies In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of rhythm and responsiveness of cortisol in individuals with autism spectrum disorders

Taylor¹,

Corbett²

2014

Psychoneuroendocrinology

143

131

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Examination of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis via cortisol among individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been a growing area of research interest. The following review includes investigations of cortisol conducted with cohorts of individuals with ASD across the lifespan over the past four decades. In general, studies find dysregulation when examining the diurnal rhythm as a whole in lower functioning children with ASD; however, limited evidence exists for alterations in higher functioning individuals and in specific aspects of the diurnal cycle (cortisol awakening response, daily decline, variability) relative to typically developing individuals. Studies examining the responsiveness of cortisol in ASD suggest an overall sluggishness of the HPA axis in responding to physiological or physical manipulation. Hypo-responsiveness was observed in stressors that involve social evaluative threat, however, hyper-responsiveness of the HPA axis was observed in situations involving unpleasant stimuli or relatively benign social situations. A number of important considerations when conducting studies of cortisol in ASD cohorts are discussed.

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Differences in anticipatory versus reactive stress to social evaluative threat in adults versus adolescents with autism

2018

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Social evaluative threat is a potent activator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis in typically developing (TD) populations. Studies have shown that children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show a blunted cortisol response to this type of stressor; yet, a previous study in adults with ASD reported a more prototypical stress response. The current study compared 24 adolescents and 17 adults with ASD to investigate a possible developmental lag in autism resulting in a more adaptive stress response to social evaluation with development. Participants were exposed to the trier social stress test (TSST), and salivary cortisol was collected before and after stress induction. Multilevel modeling revealed that relative to adolescents, young adults with ASD evidenced a significant increase in cortisol in response to anticipatory stress, and 23.5% were classified as anticipatory responders. Adolescents, however, had a significant change in slope in response to the TSST, with 37.5% classified as reactive responders. In both groups, the majority of participants did not have a robust stress response to the TSST as would be expected in TD participants. Findings suggest significant differences in the cortisol trajectory; adults with ASD were more likely to show an anticipatory response to being socially evaluated, which was maintained throughout the stressor, whereas the adolescents had a more reactive response pattern with no anticipatory response. Further research is needed to determine if such patterns are adaptive or deleterious, and to determine underlying factors that may contribute to distinct stress profiles and to the overall diminished stress responses. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1276-1285. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Many individuals have increased stress when being socially evaluated. The current study shows that adults with ASD have increased stress in anticipation of a task in which individuals are required to give a speech to unfamiliar raters, while adolescents with ASD tend to show a stress response only during the task itself. Further research is necessary to understand whether developmental influences on stress response in ASD have significant impacts on other areas of functioning often affected by stress.

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Dexamethasone Suppression Test in Autistic Children

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Daytime Secretion of Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase in Preschool-Aged Children with Autism and Typically Developing Children

Daytime Secretion of Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase in Preschool-Aged Children with Autism and Typically Developing Children

A review of rhythm and responsiveness of cortisol in individuals with autism spectrum disorders

Differences in anticipatory versus reactive stress to social evaluative threat in adults versus adolescents with autism

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