Carbohydrate-based micro/nanoparticles
have gained significant
attention for various biomedical applications such as targeted/triggered/controlled
drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, etc., because of their prominent
characteristics like biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrophilicity,
and nontoxicity as well as nonimmunogenicity. Most importantly, the
ability of the nanoparticles to recognize specific cell sites by targeting
cell surface receptors makes them a promising candidate for designing
a targeted drug delivery system. These particles may either comprise
polysaccharides/glycopolymers or be integrated with various polymeric/inorganic
nanoparticles such as gold, silver, silica, iron, etc., to reduce
the toxicity of the inorganic nanoparticles and thus facilitate their
cellular insertion. Various synthetic methods have been developed
to fabricate carbohydrate-based or carbohydrate-conjugated inorganic/polymeric
nanoparticles. In this review, we have highlighted the recently developed
synthetic approaches to afford carbohydrate-based particles along
with their significance in various biomedical applications.