DF-2 septicemia following whirlpool spa immersion

Holmes, R L; Kozinn, W P

doi:10.1128/jcm.23.3.627-628.1986

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…An isolation from a blood culture is similarly rare. Throughout the 1980s, various investigators reported the isolation of Capnocytophaga species from the blood of patients with previously diagnosed neoplasia (6,9,102,110,119,138,146,197,216,224,235,243,316,325).…”

Section: Capnocytophaga Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While cases of C. canimorsus bacteremia in patients with the predisposing factors of alcoholism, splenectomy, and chronic lung disorders (26,49,144,197,263,266,283) and in otherwise healthy individuals (41,49,109,144,283,332) continue to be reported, a number of reports indicate that cancer should be considered a risk factor as well. Table 3 lists the cases of Capnocytophaga bacteremia associated with underlying neoplasia that have been reported (6,9,102,105,110,118,119,137,138,144,146,197,216,224,235,243,269,315,316,325). The association with hematologic malignancies, leukemia and lymphoma, is amply demonstrated.…”

Section: Capnocytophaga Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The association with hematologic malignancies, leukemia and lymphoma, is amply demonstrated. Bacteremia due to C. canimorsus has now been documented in patients with Hodgkin's disease (146,197,325), leukemia (102,216), multiple myeloma (110), and heart valve myxoma (325).…”

Section: Capnocytophaga Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery of uncommon bacteria from blood: association with neoplastic disease

Beebe

Koneman

1995

Clin Microbiol Rev

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Table 6 is a summary of the organisms discussed with a listing of the environmental source, the endogenous source, the predisposing factors including neoplasms, and the postulated mechanisms by which the organism can gain access to the circulation. The evidence considered indicates that the entrance of one of these microorganisms into the bloodstream of a human being depends on the presence of multiplicity of predisposing factors. In the majority of cases of bacteremia due to one of these unusual organisms, two or more predisposing factors are present. Certain predisposing factors, such as cancer chemotherapy or intravenous catheterization, often provide a barrier break, while others, such as liver disease, may render the host immune system less capable of clearing organisms from the circulation. For organisms such as Campy-lobacter, Listeria, and Salmonella spp., attributes that allow the invasion of a healthy host are present and seem to be enhanced by the simultaneous presence of a predisposing condition, such as liver disease, in the host. Although somewhat fragmentary, a number of individual case reports describe bacteremia due to one of these organisms occurring weeks to years after surgery and after other therapeutic measures had effected a supposed cure of a cancer. It may be speculated that cancer patients, even after a cure, are still susceptible to bloodstream invasion by one of the aforementioned organisms by virtue of the presence of one or more predisposing metabolic, physiologic, or immunologic factors, even though these factors may be cryptic. The predominance of hematologic malignancies among cases of bacteremia due to these unusual organisms is also apparent. Although, as pointed out by Keusch (169), the reduction in the performance of immune function in hematologic malignancies compared with solid tumors is likely to be responsible, other associations of certain organisms with specific neoplasms warrant further examination. The frequency of bloodstream infections of Salmonella typhimurium and Capno-cytophaga canimorsus in Hodgkin's disease patients seems likely due to a particular mechanism which infection by these species is favored. The specific nature of these mechanisms remains to be determined. The recovery of any unusual bacterium from blood should warrant a careful consideration of the possibility of underlying disease, especially cancer. Microbiologists should advise clinicians of the unusual nature of the identified organism and provide the counsel that certain neoplastic processes, often accompanied by neutropenia, render the human host susceptible to invasion by almost any bacterium. The recovery of such organisms as C. septicum or S. bovis should prompt the clinician to aggressively seek to identify an occult neoplasm if one has not yet been diagnosed.

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Section: Capnocytophaga Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Capnocytophaga Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery of uncommon bacteria from blood: association with neoplastic disease

Beebe

Koneman

1995

Clin Microbiol Rev

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Corneal Perforation Caused by Dysgonic Fermenter—2

Kiel¹,

Crane²,

Aguilar³

et al. 1987

JAMA

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Capnocytophaga canimorsus infections in human: Review of the literature and cases report

1996

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Capnocytophaga canimorsus, formerly designated Dysgonic fermenter 2 (DF-2) was first described in 1976; it is a commensal bacterium of dogs and cats saliva, which can be transmitted to man by bite (54% of cases), scratch (8.5%), or mere exposure to animals (27%). We present a review of the clinical and microbiological characteristics of the Capnocytophaga canimorsus infections and 12 cases of infection in France. Over 100 cases of human infections have been reported, mainly septicemia in patients with diminished defences, due to splenectomy (33%), alcohol abuse (24%), immunosuppression (5%). However 40% of septicemia occur in patients with no predisposing conditions. Other infections are less frequent: meningitis, endocarditis, arthritis, pleural and localized eye infections. These infections range from mild to fulminating disease, with shock, respiratory distress, disseminated intravascular coagulation. Dermatological lesions (macular or maculopapular rash, purpura) or gangrene are common. This fastidious Gram-negative bacterium grows slowly on chocolate agar or on heart infusion agar with 5% rabbit blood incubated in 5% CO2. In spite of a great susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics, the mortality is of 30%. Because of the severity of these infections, taking into account this organism in the management of bites is necessary, especially in patients with predisposing factors.

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DF-2 septicemia following whirlpool spa immersion

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Recovery of uncommon bacteria from blood: association with neoplastic disease

Recovery of uncommon bacteria from blood: association with neoplastic disease

Corneal Perforation Caused by Dysgonic Fermenter—2

Capnocytophaga canimorsus infections in human: Review of the literature and cases report

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