DFLAW Glass and Feed Qualifications to Support WTP Start-Up and Flow-Sheet Development (Final Report, Rev. 0)

Matlack, Keith S.; Abramowitz, Howard; Muller, Isabelle S.; Joseph, Innocent; Pegg, Ian L.

doi:10.2172/1529091

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Chemical additions were performed to fulfill requirements of a Test Plan 1 prepared by PNNL and approved by WRPS and conducted according to a PNNL prepared Test Instruction 2 .The target composition of the AP-107 glass is shown in Table 2.3. This AP-107 target glass composition is similar to the nominal glass formulation for AP-107 LAW without recycle used for small-scale melter tests by Matlack et al (2018).…”

Section: Melter Feed Preparationmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The Kim et al (2012) model for WTP baseline glass formulation was used to calculate the mass of GFCs to be added to the AP-107 waste to form the AP-107 melter feed slurry. While processing the AP-107 melter feed in the CLSM, the operating parameters and average glass production rate achieved were comparable to those of the AP-105 melter feed processing in the CLSM as well as those of similar LAW melter feeds processed in a similar scaled melter system operated by the Vitreous State Laboratory (VSL) at the Catholic University of America in Washington, DC (Matlack et al 2010(Matlack et al , 2017(Matlack et al , 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The total feeding time, estimated mass of melter feed consumed, mass of glass produced, and average values over the course of feeding for several key processing components are given in Table 3.2. The mass of AP-107 melter feed could not be measured due to radioactive contamination restrictions; thus, the amount consumed during the CLSM run and the average feeding rate were estimated by calculating the mass of melter feed based on the target mass conversion ratio from AP-107 melter feed to glass (Matlack et al 2018).…”

Section: Clsm Processing Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After this time, from hour 0.56 to 7.68, the cold-cap coverage and plenum temperature were maintained at relative steady state by varying the feeding and bubbling rates as necessary. Similar small-scale melter systems, like the DM10 system (0.021 m 2 melter surface area and ~8 kg glass inventory) operated by the VSL at the Catholic University of America, reached this cold-cap steady state period after ~5 hours of melter feed charging (Matlack et al 2017 and. The relatively short period of time with which the CLSM can reach a cold-cap steady state may lead to less volatility of desired components from the glass melt during an equivalent time frame compared to other melter systems.…”

Section: Feed Processing Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Feed rate was adjusted based on processing conditions such as the bubbling rate but targeted between the WTP baseline processing rate of 1500 kg-glass m -2 d -1 and the optimized rate demonstrated with AP-105 simulant melter feed of 2000 kg-glass m -2 d -1 (Matlack et al 2017).…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitrification of Hanford Tank Waste 241-AP-107 in a Continuous Laboratory-Scale Melter

Dixon

Stewart

Venarsky

et al. 2019

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Low-activity waste (LAW) stored in underground tanks on the Hanford Site in Washington State is planned to be filtered for solids removal and processed through ion exchange columns for cesium removal. These pretreatment steps will allow the waste to be transferred to the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant's LAW Facility for immobilization into glass. The liquid waste will be combined with glass-forming chemicals (GFCs) to form a waste feed slurry that can be fed to electric melters for vitrification. The process of continuously converting the aqueous feed slurry into a melt is dynamic and includes multiple reactions, degassing, and dissolution processes that depend on heat from the melt below. In this conversion process, waste components are partitioned into one of two streams: glass and off-gas. Washington River Protection Solutions has requested processing information and chemical information associated with these waste products for actual waste from Hanford tank 241-AP-107 (referred to herein as AP-107). To acquire this type of information, a small-scale melter system was designed that would not require high volumes of input waste or the large resource commitment of a full-scale melter system, while also providing dynamic information that would be difficult to determine from batch reactions in a crucible system. A continuous laboratory-scale melter (CLSM) has been designed to operate with a continuous feeding process while periodically pouring glass product and collecting off-gas. The CLSM vessel has been sized to collect the relevant process and chemical information from obtainable volumes of AP-107 waste samples. A total 8.6 L of actual AP-107 tank waste were received after filtering for solids removal and ion exchange for cesium removal. This volume of AP-107 waste was mixed with GFCs to form an estimated 11.8 L of melter feed slurry. A mass of 7.01 kg of glass product were poured from the CLSM vessel during 10.07 hours of charging the AP-107 melter feed, indicating that about 15.0 kg of melter feed was vitrified into glass. These production values and other processing results from the AP-107 waste vitrification in the CLSM system are shown in Table ES.1. The CLSM system was also designed with the capability to fully divert the flow of off-gas produced in the CLSM vessel to a sampling line that could capture the volatile species of interest, such as technetium-99 (99 Tc). This novel sampling system avoided the difficulties of slipstream sampling and could be activated once the feeding reached a steady state within the CLSM vessel. Off-gas product samples captured via high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters using this method, as well as selected glass product samples were sent to an analytical lab for chemical analysis. The calculated average retention of 99 Tc (mass of 99 Tc output in the glass per mass of 99 Tc input in the melter feed) during the off-gas sampling is shown in Table ES.1. The measured composition of the AP-107 glass product, compared to the target composition, is s...

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Section: Melter Feed Preparationmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Clsm Processing Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Feed Processing Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitrification of Hanford Tank Waste 241-AP-107 in a Continuous Laboratory-Scale Melter

Dixon

Stewart

Venarsky

et al. 2019

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Off-gas rhenium capture and recovery in a laboratory-scale melter

Dixon

Kim

Schweiger

et al. 2020

Nuclear Engineering and Design

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Glass-contact refractory of the nuclear waste vitrification melters in the United States: a review of corrosion data and melter life

Jin

Hall

Vienna

et al. 2023

International Materials Reviews

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The performance of the refractory lining in glass melters used for nuclear waste vitrification is critical to the melter reliability for long-term continuous operation. Monofrax® K-3, a high Cr 2 O 3 fused cast refractory material, has been widely used to build the liners of nuclear waste glass melters in the United States. Corrosion behaviour of Monofrax® K-3 refractory has been evaluated based on crucible-scale testing, inspection of the refractory components following scaled melter testing, and inspections of the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) melter refractory after service. The literature generally consists of empirical models based on short-term testing to describe refractory corrosion dependence on glass composition. Corrosion data from tests with longer testing times, at various temperatures, in the presence of molten salts, and with different redox reactions in the plenum atmosphere exist, may be insufficient to provide accurate refractory service life estimates. Additionally, the corrosion data collected under actual and scaled melter operating conditions are limited. Recommendations to achieve more direct correlation between the laboratory refractory corrosion data predictions and the observed melter service life are discussed to allow for more accurate predictions of the useful life of melter refractory linings.

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DFLAW Glass and Feed Qualifications to Support WTP Start-Up and Flow-Sheet Development (Final Report, Rev. 0)

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Vitrification of Hanford Tank Waste 241-AP-107 in a Continuous Laboratory-Scale Melter

Vitrification of Hanford Tank Waste 241-AP-107 in a Continuous Laboratory-Scale Melter

Off-gas rhenium capture and recovery in a laboratory-scale melter

Glass-contact refractory of the nuclear waste vitrification melters in the United States: a review of corrosion data and melter life

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