“…(3) , connects the ionization potential (IP) and the electron affinity (EA) and is also related to the chemical hardness ( η ) by the relation . Therefore, in terms of electronic transition, the fundamental gap is well suited to describe the reactivity of a compound [ 25 ]. As can be seen in Table 3 , just like for the energy gap, the functionalization of DHA on CNT reduces the fundamental gap which hardly depends on the calculation method.…”