DHA induces adipocyte lipolysis through endoplasmic reticulum stress and the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Huang, Xiaocheng; Bian, Chenchen; Ji, Hong; Ji, Shanghong; Sun, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2022.10.010

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Indeed, changing the n6:n3 ratio by the addition of ALA to the diet did not result in a change in the body mass in the current study or a previous study with fa/fa rats [41]. However, our observations are in accordance with those of Pinel et al [44], which suggest that DHA and EPA operate by different mechanisms [50], with the fat-reducing ability of DHA possibly due to the induction of lipolysis [51] and/or inhibition of adipose tissue angiogenesis by a Sirt-1-dependent mechanism [52].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Differential Modulation by Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) of Mesenteric Fat and Macrophages and T Cells in Adipose Tissue of Obese fa/fa Zucker Rats

Hong,

Zahradka,

Taylor

2024

Nutrients

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Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can alter adipose tissue function; however, the relative effects of plant and marine n3-PUFAs are less clear. Our objective was to directly compare the n3-PUFAs, plant-based α-linolenic acid (ALA) in flaxseed oil, and marine-based eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in high-purity oils versus n6-PUFA containing linoleic acid (LA) for their effects on the adipose tissue and oral glucose tolerance of obese rats. Male fa/fa Zucker rats were assigned to faALA, faEPA, faDHA, and faLA groups and compared to baseline fa/fa rats (faBASE) and lean Zucker rats (lnLA). After 8 weeks, faEPA and faDHA had 11–14% lower body weight than faLA. The oral glucose tolerance and total body fat were unchanged, but faEPA had less mesenteric fat. faEPA and faDHA had fewer large adipocytes compared to faLA and faALA. EPA reduced macrophages in the adipose tissue of fa/fa rats compared to ALA and DHA, while faLA had the greatest macrophage infiltration. DHA decreased (~10-fold) T-cell infiltration compared to faBASE and faEPA, whereas faALA and faLA had an ~40% increase. The n3-PUFA diets attenuated tumour necrosis factor-α in adipose tissue compared to faBASE, while it was increased by LA in both genotypes. In conclusion, EPA and DHA target different aspects of inflammation in adipose tissue.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Differential Modulation by Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) of Mesenteric Fat and Macrophages and T Cells in Adipose Tissue of Obese fa/fa Zucker Rats

Hong,

Zahradka,

Taylor

2024

Nutrients

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“…This dose-dependent relationship has also been observed in previous studies with other fish species [ 11 , 12 ], indicating that dietary high CO inclusion may be the cause of increased lipid deposition in the liver and other visceral adipose tissues. This may partly explain why suitable levels of SFAs in feed promotes fish growth, while excessive SFAs intake causes inferior growth and/or an increase in lipid deposition in the body [ 59 , 60 ], as evidenced by an elevation in the HSI or/and lipid contents of the whole body and liver, as well as the IPF in this study and previous studies when fish were fed high CO diets [ 11 , 12 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Dietary High Levels of Coconut Oil Replacing Fish Oil Did Not Affect Growth, but Promoted Liver Lipid Deposition of Orange-Spotted Groupers (Epinephelus coioides)

Wang,

Song,

et al. 2024

Animals

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In this study, we conducted an 8-week feeding trial to investigate the effects of replacing fish oil (FO) with coconut oil (CO) on the growth performance, blood components, tissue fatty acid (FA) profile, and mRNA levels of genes related to lipid metabolism in the liver of the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Five isolipidic and isoproteic diets were formulated through increasing the CO levels (0, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, respectively). Triplicate groups of twenty-five fish (initial wet weight of about 22.4 g/fish) were fed one of the diets twice daily to apparent satiety. The 25% CO diet had the highest growth rate and feed utilization, and the 100% CO diet exhibited a comparable growth and feed utilization with that of the control diet, indicating a suitable FO substitute. Moreover, the hepatosomatic index, intraperitoneal fat rate, liver lipid content, as well as the serum HDL-C content and ALT activity had positive linear and/or quadratic responses, but the serum TC and LDL-C contents exhibited the opposite trend, with an increasing CO inclusion level. The FA profile in the liver and muscle generally mirrored the FA profile in the feed. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of the fas, acc, g6pd, srebp-1c, and δ6fad genes in the liver had positive linear and/or quadratic responses, but the mRNA levels of elovl 4 and elovl 5 had the opposite trend, with increasing dietary CO inclusion levels. When compared with the control diet, 25% and 50% CO diets up-regulated the mRNA levels of cpt 1, while the 75% and 100% CO diets down-regulated its mRNA levels. The hsl and atgl were down-regulated through the addition of dietary CO. The mRNA level of lpl was not affected by dietary treatments. Results showed that CO could completely replace FO without affecting growth performance, but high CO will lead to the significant liver lipid deposition and lower LC-PUFAs contents of fish flesh.

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“…Studies have shown that DHA can improve learning ability [3] and cognitive decline with age, [4] as well as induce fat cell breakdown. [5] In recent years, it has been discovered that DHA, an important component of Omega-3, has cardiovascular benefits. The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends that adults consume at least 500 mg of a combination of DHA and EPA per day to support cardiovascular health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal link between docosahexaenoic acid and osteoporosis: A 2-sample Mendelian randomization study

Li,

Wen,

Liu

et al. 2024

Medicine

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To explore the causal relationship between docosahexaenoic acid and osteoporosis. Possible causal links were investigated using a 2-sample Mendelian randomization study. Its genetic correlation was estimated using chained disequilibrium regression. Sensitivity tests were also performed. There was a causal association between docosahexaenoic acid and osteoporosis, and docosahexaenoic acid was a risk factor for osteoporosis (P = .033, odds ratio [95% CI] = 1.099 [1.008–1.198]). For every 1 standard deviation increase in docosahexaenoic acid lev, the risk of developing osteoporosis increased by 9.900%. The genetic correlation between docosahexaenoic acid (h2_Z = 5.260, P = 1.430e−7), osteoporosis (h2_Z = 8.780, P = 1.160e−98), and genes was significant, but there was a weak genetic correlation between docosahexaenoic acid and osteoporosis (rg = −0.040, P = 1.630e−18). Blood levels of docosahexaenoic acid are causally linked to osteoporosis and are a risk factor for osteoporosis. However, this causal link is not brought about by genetic variation. The exact mechanism needs to be explored further.

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DHA induces adipocyte lipolysis through endoplasmic reticulum stress and the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Cited by 10 publications

References 68 publications

Differential Modulation by Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) of Mesenteric Fat and Macrophages and T Cells in Adipose Tissue of Obese fa/fa Zucker Rats

Differential Modulation by Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) of Mesenteric Fat and Macrophages and T Cells in Adipose Tissue of Obese fa/fa Zucker Rats

Dietary High Levels of Coconut Oil Replacing Fish Oil Did Not Affect Growth, but Promoted Liver Lipid Deposition of Orange-Spotted Groupers (Epinephelus coioides)

Causal link between docosahexaenoic acid and osteoporosis: A 2-sample Mendelian randomization study

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