Diabesity: the combined burden of obesity and diabetes on heart disease and the role of imaging

Ng, Arnold C.T.; Delgado, Victoria; Borlaug, Barry A.; Bax, Jeroen J.

doi:10.1038/s41569-020-00465-5

Cited by 212 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 189 publications

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“…7 Obesity is a known risk for the progression of T2DM. 8,9 Many mechanisms have been reported regarding the relationship between obesity and T2DM, including relative deficiency of insulin resistance and insulin action. 9 Therefore, weight loss in obese individuals is effective in controlling T2DM and even for normoglycemic levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance Index and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Non-Obese Adults: Insights from a Population-Based Cohort Study

Cai¹,

Zhu²,

Li³

et al. 2021

IJGM

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance Index and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Non-Obese Adults: Insights from a Population-Based Cohort Study

Cai¹,

Zhu²,

Li³

et al. 2021

IJGM

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“…Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death worldwide, with a total global prevalence exceeding 450 million individuals [ 1 ]. In 2015, diabetes was attributed to 12.8% of total all-cause mortality worldwide, providing a substantial socioeconomic burden and health concern [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diastolic dysfunction in a pre-clinical model of diabetes is associated with changes in the cardiac non-myocyte cellular composition

Cohen

Blasio²,

Lee

et al. 2021

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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Background Diabetes is associated with a significantly elevated risk of cardiovascular disease and its specific pathophysiology remains unclear. Recent studies have changed our understanding of cardiac cellularity, with cellular changes accompanying diabetes yet to be examined in detail. This study aims to characterise the changes in the cardiac cellular landscape in murine diabetes to identify potential cellular protagonists in the diabetic heart. Methods Diabetes was induced in male FVB/N mice by low-dose streptozotocin and a high-fat diet for 26-weeks. Cardiac function was measured by echocardiography at endpoint. Flow cytometry was performed on cardiac ventricles as well as blood, spleen, and bone-marrow at endpoint from non-diabetic and diabetic mice. To validate flow cytometry results, immunofluorescence staining was conducted on left-ventricles of age-matched mice. Results Mice with diabetes exhibited hyperglycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance at endpoint. Echocardiography revealed reduced E:A and e’:a’ ratios in diabetic mice indicating diastolic dysfunction. Systolic function was not different between the experimental groups. Detailed examination of cardiac cellularity found resident mesenchymal cells (RMCs) were elevated as a result of diabetes, due to a marked increase in cardiac fibroblasts, while smooth muscle cells were reduced in proportion. Moreover, we found increased levels of Ly6Chi monocytes in both the heart and in the blood. Consistent with this, the proportion of bone-marrow haematopoietic stem cells were increased in diabetic mice. Conclusions Murine diabetes results in distinct changes in cardiac cellularity. These changes—in particular increased levels of fibroblasts—offer a framework for understanding how cardiac cellularity changes in diabetes. The results also point to new cellular mechanisms in this context, which may further aid in development of pharmacotherapies to allay the progression of cardiomyopathy associated with diabetes.

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“…It is closely related with the worldwide epidemic of obesity, and approximately 75% of type 2 diabetes is related with obesity [ 3 , 4 ]. The relationship between type 2 diabetes and obesity is further explained by the descriptive term of “Diabesity” [ 5 ]. Actually, the modern sedentary lifestyle contributes to weight gain by promoting excessive food intake and even adding physical inactivity [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Spectrum of Liver Failure in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: From NAFLD to NASH to HCC

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Liver disease is the spectrum of liver damage ranging from simple steatosis called as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Clinically, NAFLD and type 2 diabetes coexist. Type 2 diabetes contributes to biological processes driving the severity of NAFLD, the primary cause for development of chronic liver diseases. In the last 20 years, the rate of non-viral NAFLD/NASH-derived HCC has been increasing rapidly. As there are currently no suitable drugs for treatment of NAFLD and NASH, a class of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes is sometimes used to improve liver failure despite the risk of side effects. Therefore, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of the development and progression of NAFLD and NASH are important issues. In this review, we will discuss the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH and NAFLD/NASH-derived HCC and the current promising pharmacological therapies of NAFLD/NASH. Further, we will provide insights into “adipose-derived adipokines” and “liver-derived hepatokines” as diagnostic and therapeutic targets from NAFLD to HCC.

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Diabesity: the combined burden of obesity and diabetes on heart disease and the role of imaging

Cited by 212 publications

References 189 publications

Associations Between the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance Index and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Non-Obese Adults: Insights from a Population-Based Cohort Study

Associations Between the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance Index and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Non-Obese Adults: Insights from a Population-Based Cohort Study

Diastolic dysfunction in a pre-clinical model of diabetes is associated with changes in the cardiac non-myocyte cellular composition

Metabolic Spectrum of Liver Failure in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: From NAFLD to NASH to HCC

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