Diabetes and anxiety in US adults: findings from the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Li, C.; Barker, Lawrence; Ford, Earl S.; Zhang, X.; Strine, Tara W.; Mokdad, Ali H.

doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02477.x

Cited by 153 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…In the periphery, IRS2 regulates insulin sensitivity and in the brain IRS2 impacts multiple functions including reward (58), memory (59,60), and energy homeostasis (61,62). Moreover, type 2 diabetes has been associated with amygdala atrophy (63), and bidirectional associations between insulin resistance and affective disorders have been reported (64)(65)(66). The possibility that altered IRS2 function may play a role in the associations between insulin-related disorders and alterations in stress-related psychopathology via its effects on the amygdala is intriguing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central amygdala nucleus (Ce) gene expression linked to increased trait-like Ce metabolism and anxious temperament in young primates

Fox

Oler

Shelton

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Children with anxious temperament (AT) are particularly sensitive to new social experiences and have increased risk for developing anxiety and depression. The young rhesus monkey is optimal for studying the origin of human AT because it shares with humans the genetic, neural, and phenotypic underpinnings of complex social and emotional functioning. In vivo imaging in young monkeys demonstrated that central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce) metabolism is relatively stable across development and predicts AT. Transcriptome-wide gene expression, which reflects combined genetic and environmental influences, was assessed within the Ce. Results support a maladaptive neurodevelopmental hypothesis linking decreased amygdala neuroplasticity to early-life dispositional anxiety. For example, high AT individuals had decreased mRNA expression of neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 3 (NTRK3). Moreover, variation in Ce NTRK3 expression was inversely correlated with Ce metabolism and other AT-substrates. These data suggest that altered amygdala neuroplasticity may play a role the early dispositional risk to develop anxiety and depression.positron-emission tomography | microarray | brain imaging T he ability to identify brain mechanisms underlying the risk during childhood for developing anxiety and depression is critical for establishing novel early-life interventions aimed at preventing the chronic and debilitating outcomes associated with these common illnesses. To this end, we have optimized a model of anxious temperament (AT), the conserved at-risk phenotype, in young developing rhesus monkeys (1-4). The rhesus monkey is ideal for studying the origin of human AT because these species share the genetic, neural, and phenotypic underpinnings of complex social and emotional functioning (5-10). Importantly, the rhesus developmental model bridges the critical gap between human psychopathology and rodent models, allowing for translation to humans by using in vivo imaging measures and translation to rodents by using ex vivo molecular methods. Thus, the unique hypotheses that can be generated from the rhesus model are invaluable in guiding both imaging studies in children and mechanistic efforts in rodents.Of particular relevance to the AT rhesus model is the relatively recent evolutionary divergence between rhesus monkeys and humans (25 million years) compared with rodents and humans (70 million years) (5). This evolutionary closeness is reflected in the species' similarities in social and emotional behaviors. These homologies, instantiated in their conserved genetic and neural systems, underlie the ability of both humans and rhesus monkeys to form and maintain the relationships necessary for living in complex social environments. In this regard, the experience of anxiety has evolved in primates to motivate the formation of long-lasting attachment bonds that serve to increase security and group cohesion. The comparable rearing practices shared by these species (e.g., close mother-infant bonding) promote early social/emotional le...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central amygdala nucleus (Ce) gene expression linked to increased trait-like Ce metabolism and anxious temperament in young primates

Fox

Oler

Shelton

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…A much higher percentage (31%) suffering from diabetes were found to have depressive symptoms but not meeting the full criteria of depressive disorder. The risk of depression was found to be lower in people suffering from type 1 DM (T1DM) when compared to those with type 2 DM (T2DM) (8,9). Furthermore, the risk of developing psychiatric comorbid conditions was increased with earlier onset of DM.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 86%

Psychosocial aspects of diabetes management: dilemma of diabetes distress

Tareen¹,

Tareen²

2017

Transl. Pediatr

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a debilitating chronic illness with complex pathophysiological, psychological, and quality of life (QoL) implications creating a constant state of turbulence. Some of these interconnections are apparent to healthcare providers and are easily addressed in a routine diabetic clinical care. However, a large number of these hidden factors that interplay with each other and impact on the physical outcomes of DM goes unnoticed by health care providers. This is a frustrating and lonely predicament for DM patients making it very difficult for them to manage their illness well. At times these patients are mislabeled as "difficult patients". In other cases they are considered to have and unnecessarily treated for psychiatric illness like depression, other mood or anxiety spectrum disorders which they may not need. In recent years clinical researcher are making strides in understanding the emotional distress a DM patient may feel and the factors contributing or perpetuating diabetes distress. This article focuses on understanding the diabetes distress and how it impacts our patients, how to screen, assess, treat and eventually prevent it from happening. The paper also attempt to bring out the major differences between diabetes distress and common psychiatric comorbidities of DM including but not limiting to major depressive disorder and other depression spectrum disorders.

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“…Our finding that diabetics experience anxiety is consistent with previous studies that have examined global anxiety scores or anxiety disorder diagnoses and particularly within the Hispanic population and therefore further support previous research. Future work should examine how the current findings are impacted by psychological treatment and the longitudinal interactions between diabetes and anxiety [12,15,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also a noted relation between individuals with diabetes diagnoses and psychological dysfunction, such as anxiety and depression [12]. There appears to be a strong correlation between anxiety and diabetes within the Hispanic population and diabetes diagnosis rates are predicted to increase rapidly among Hispanics [2,24]. Consequently, an increase in anxiety symptoms and anxiety related disorder diagnosis in Hispanics is likely [24]; however, this is the first study to explicitly study the link between anxiety symptoms (rather than global anxiety scores or anxiety diagnoses) and diabetes among rural-dwelling Mexican American adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Diagnosis is related to Anxiety Among Mexican Americans But Not non-Hispanic Adults: A Project FRONTER study

Mauer¹,

Johnson²,

Schrimsher³

2012

J Depress Anxiety

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This study examined the link between diabetes and specific anxiety symptoms among Mexican Americans in comparison with non-Hispanics in a rural sample. The prevalence of Hispanic, and more specifically, Mexican American individuals with diabetes, is larger than their white, non-Hispanic counterparts. Adults with diabetes also experience psychological dysfunction, particularly an elevation in anxiety symptoms. Both non-Hispanic and Hispanic individuals have been found to experience co-occurring anxiety disorders and diabetes. Hispanic individuals have a higher prevalence of both anxiety and diabetes than non-Hispanic individuals. Cross-sectional data were analyzed from 582 rural dwelling individuals from an ongoing rural health study, Project FRONTIER. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the factor scores previously derived by the test's authors (i.e., Subjective, Neurophysiological, Autonomic, and Panic) were entered as predictor variables into regression models with Diabetes diagnosis as the outcome variable. Among Mexican Americans, diabetes diagnosis was significantly related to BAI total score. The diagnoses were significantly related to all of the BAI factor scores. Specifically, Panic, Autonomic, Neurophysiological, and Subjective factor scores. Diabetes diagnosis was not related to BAI total or factor scores among non-Hispanics. Research and clinical implications are discussed.

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Diabetes and anxiety in US adults: findings from the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Abstract: Diabetes was significantly associated with anxiety in adults in this large population-based sample, particularly in Hispanics and young adults.

Cited by 153 publications

References 19 publications

Central amygdala nucleus (Ce) gene expression linked to increased trait-like Ce metabolism and anxious temperament in young primates

Central amygdala nucleus (Ce) gene expression linked to increased trait-like Ce metabolism and anxious temperament in young primates

Psychosocial aspects of diabetes management: dilemma of diabetes distress

Diabetes Diagnosis is related to Anxiety Among Mexican Americans But Not non-Hispanic Adults: A Project FRONTER study

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