Diabetes and cognitive function: An evidence-based current perspective

Sebastian, Meghna Julian; Khan, Shahanas KA; Pappachan, Joseph M; Jeeyavudeen, Mohammad Sadiq

doi:10.4239/wjd.v14.i2.92

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…However, the limitations of biomarkers for everyday clinical use must balance predictive ability with practicality [ 37 ]. DM-2 can affect neuronal and cognitive function through hypoperfusion of brain tissues caused by cerebrovascular diseases, changes in glucose transporters that cause abnormalities in the uptake and neuronal metabolism of glucose, IR, recurrent hypoglycemic episodes of diabetes pharmacotherapy, and local hyper- and hypometabolism of brain areas, which result in neuronal damage [ 38 ]. In patients with DM-2 and CD, a thorough assessment of cerebral metabolic characteristics and their impact on cognition is particularly important for their management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connections between Cognitive Impairment and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Militaru,

Lighezan,

Tudoran

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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(1) Background: Cognitive decline (CD), considered a precursory state of dementia, is frequently encountered in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM-2) and might even have a higher prevalence in those with associated atrial fibrillation (AF). In this study, we aimed to research if the association of DM-2 and AF favors a precocious onset of CD. (2) Methods: This study was conducted on 160 patients, featuring 50 with DM-2, 54 with DM-2 and AF, and 56 subjects without DM-2 and AF, all evaluated clinically and with five neuropsychiatric scales. (3) Results: The Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Activities of Daily Living Score (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Score (IADL), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) were significantly altered in patients with DM-2 and AF in comparison to patients without these diseases. The logistic regression model indicated that, in patients with DM-2 and AF, an increase of one year in age is associated with a 7.3% augmentation of the risk of a precocious onset of CD (MMSE < 27). (4) Conclusions: CD is more frequent in patients with DM-2, especially when associated with AF, versus those without DM-2 and AF. Our findings suggest that an older age and associated dyslipidemia represent risk factors for CD in patients with DM-2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connections between Cognitive Impairment and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Militaru,

Lighezan,

Tudoran

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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“…This diagnosis was based on comprehensive assessments of the individual's clinical presentation, medical history, and relevant test results conducted by family physicians and other healthcare professionals. Cognitive decline presents a significant comorbid condition that can substantially impact patient empowerment, disease management, and outcomes [36]. Considering these complexities, we excluded patients with documented cognitive decline from the study to ensure the homogeneity of the study population and minimise confounding factors.…”

Section: Inclusion and Exclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Person-Centred Diabetes Care: Examining Patient Empowerment and Diabetes-Specific Quality of Life in Slovenian Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Virtič Potočnik,

Ružić Gorenjec,

Mihevc

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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Patient empowerment is crucial for promoting and strengthening health. We aimed to assess patient empowerment and diabetes-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A multi-centre, cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults with T2D in urban and rural primary care settings in Slovenia between April and September 2023. The survey utilised convenience sampling and included sociodemographic and clinical data, the Diabetes Empowerment Scale (DES), and the Audit of Diabetes-Dependent QoL (ADDQoL). The study included 289 people with T2D and a mean age of 67.2 years (SD 9.2). The mean overall DES score was 3.9/5 (SD 0.4). In a multivariable linear regression model, higher empowerment was significantly associated with residing in a rural region (p = 0.034), higher education (p = 0.028), and a lack of comorbid AH (p = 0.016). The median overall ADDQoL score was −1.2 (IQR [−2.5, −0.6]). The greatest negative influence of diabetes on HRQoL was observed in the domain ‘Freedom to eat’, followed by ‘Freedom to drink’, ‘Leisure activities’, and ‘Holidays’. Despite high empowerment among adults with T2D, the condition still imposes a personal burden. Integrated primary care models should prioritise the importance of implementing targeted interventions to enhance diabetes empowerment, address comorbidities, and improve specific aspects of QoL among individuals with T2D.

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“…A key component of aging is cognitive health, and abnormalities in BDNF levels can affect memory, learning, and other cognitive processes [246]. Understanding the possible effects on cognitive health in the context of aging and creating strategies to support cognitive well-being in prediabetic individuals require an understanding of the relationship between prediabetes and altered BDNF levels [247].…”

Section: Role Of Biomarkers In Metabolic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Putative Causal Relationships Between Blood-Based Biomarkers and Prediabetes-Induced Senescence: A Comprehensive Review

Mbatha,

Mushebenge,

Khathi

2023

Preprint

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Prediabetes, a pivotal phase in glucose metabolism between normalcy and diabetes, exerts a profound influence on the aging process and the risk of age-related diseases. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate web of blood-based biomarkers that collectively expedite senescence, marking the transition from a state of health to age-related complications. Key findings underscore the significance of diverse biomarkers, such as telomere length, p16INK4a, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, DNA methylation clocks, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, circulating hormones, and additional factors like folate, B12, osteocalcin, and more. Not only do these biomarkers serve as indicators of senescence, but they actively fuel chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysregulation, all of which contribute to accelerated aging. The implications of this understanding are profound, as prediabetes emerges as a critical period in an individual's life, influencing various physiological systems, including the vascular and neural systems, metabolic functions, hormonal regulation, and bone health. Recognizing the profound influence of prediabetes on senescence provides a foundation for personalized intervention strategies to mitigate age-related complications and promote healthy aging. Future research directions call for a more diverse array of biomarkers, in-depth exploration of their roles, and the development of tailored precision medicine strategies to ensure a holistic understanding and effective management of prediabetes-induced senescence and its implications for aging. This knowledge has far-reaching implications for public health and clinical practice, emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention in prediabetic individuals to enhance the quality of life in an aging population with diverse needs.

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Diabetes and cognitive function: An evidence-based current perspective

Cited by 20 publications

References 114 publications

Connections between Cognitive Impairment and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Connections between Cognitive Impairment and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Person-Centred Diabetes Care: Examining Patient Empowerment and Diabetes-Specific Quality of Life in Slovenian Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Identification of Putative Causal Relationships Between Blood-Based Biomarkers and Prediabetes-Induced Senescence: A Comprehensive Review

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