Diabetes in African Americans

Marshall, Merville C.

doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.028274

Cited by 127 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Elevated CRC rates among younger adult blacks in both NJ and the US, and the relative stability of the rates over time suggest that modifiable behavioral risk factors related to CRC (ie physical inactivity, obesity, diabetes)37, 38, 39, 40 with known higher prevalence in the black community may not completely explain the recent increases in CRC in younger adults 1, 41, 42. Unfortunately, our subsite analyses were limited to whites and blacks, and, therefore, were not able to assess trends by subsite in API or Hispanics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults—Disparities by age, sex, race, ethnicity, and subsite

et al. 2018

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Millennials (ages 18‐35) are now the largest living generation in the US, making it important to understand and characterize the rising trend of colorectal cancer incidence in this population, as well as other younger generations of Americans. Data from the New Jersey State Cancer Registry (n = 181 909) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (n = 448 714) were used to analyze invasive CRC incidence trends from 1979 to 2014. Age, sex, race, ethnicity, subsite, and stage differences between younger adults (20‐49) and screening age adults (≥50) in New Jersey (NJ) were examined using chi‐square; and, we compared secular trends in NJ to the United States (US). Whites, men, and the youngest adults (ages 20‐39) are experiencing greater APCs in rectal cancer incidence. Rates among younger black adults, overall, were consistently higher in both NJ and the US over time. When compared to older adults, younger adults with CRC in NJ were more likely to be: diagnosed at the late stage, diagnosed with rectal cancer, male, non‐white, and Hispanic. Invasive CRC incidence trends among younger adults were found to vary by age, sex, race, ethnicity, and subsite. Large, case‐level, studies are needed to understand the role of genetics, human papillomavirus (HPV), and cultural and behavioral factors in the rise of CRC among younger adults. Provider and public education about CRC risk factors will also be important for preventing and reversing the increasing CRC trend in younger adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults—Disparities by age, sex, race, ethnicity, and subsite

et al. 2018

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“…Although this prevalence is notably high, and it is definitely a major public health concern, other papers have reported previously on the rising incidence of type 2 diabetes in older and overweight AfricanAmericans across the USA (Randall et al 2004). It is likely that racial disparities in access to quality health care and income differences contribute to these findings on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and CKD in African-Americans (Marshall 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and low-grade inflammation reduce renal function in middle-aged and older adults in Japan and the USA

Costello-White

Ryff

Coe

2015

AGE

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of low-grade inflammation on age-related changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in middleaged and older white Americans, African-Americans, and Japanese adults. Serum creatinine, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined for 1570 adult participants in two surveys of aging in the USA and Japan (N = 1188 and 382, respectively). Kidney function declined with age in both countries and was associated with IL-6 and CRP. IL-6 and CRP also influenced the extent of the arithmetic bias when calculating the GFR using the chronic kidney disease epidemiology (CKD-EPI) formula with just serum creatinine. Younger African-Americans initially had the highest GFR but showed a steep age-related decrement that was associated with elevated inflammation. Japanese adults had the lowest average GFR but evinced a large effect of increased inflammatory activity when over 70 years of age. Importantly, our results also indicate that low-grade inflammation is important to consider when evaluating kidney function solely from serum creatinine.

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“…Minority populations in the USA are disproportionately affected by high rates of obesity and chronic diseases (1)(2)(3)(4) . Previous studies have examined the association between dietary intake, obesity and the availability of food stores in low-income urban neighbourhoods (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to food source and food source use are associated with healthy and unhealthy food-purchasing behaviours among low-income African-American adults in Baltimore City

D’Angelo

Suratkar

Song

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

112

111

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Objective: Although previous research has shown limited availability of healthy food in low-income urban neighbourhoods, the association between food source use and food-purchasing patterns has not yet been examined. We explored foodpurchasing patterns in the context of food source use and food source access factors in low-income areas of Baltimore City. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Predominantly low-income neighbourhoods in East and West Baltimore City. Subjects: A total of 175 low-income African-American adult residents. Results: Supermarkets and corner stores were the most frequently used food sources. Walking was the main form of transportation used by 57 % of all respondents, 97 % of corner-store shoppers and 49 % of supermarket shoppers. Multiple linear regression models adjusting for demographic factors, type of food source used and transportation type found that corner-store use was associated with obtaining more unhealthy food (P 5 0?005), whereas driving to the food source was associated with obtaining more healthy food (P 5 0?012). Conclusions: The large number of corner stores compared with supermarkets in lowincome neighbourhoods makes them an easily accessible and frequently used food source for many people. Interventions to increase the availability and promotion of healthy food in highly accessed corner stores in low-income neighbourhoods are needed. Increased access to transportation may also lead to the use of food sources beyond the corner store, and to increased healthy food purchasing.

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Diabetes in African Americans

Cited by 127 publications

References 89 publications

Trends in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults—Disparities by age, sex, race, ethnicity, and subsite

Trends in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults—Disparities by age, sex, race, ethnicity, and subsite

Aging and low-grade inflammation reduce renal function in middle-aged and older adults in Japan and the USA

Access to food source and food source use are associated with healthy and unhealthy food-purchasing behaviours among low-income African-American adults in Baltimore City

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