Diabetes Mellitus across the Arabo-Islamic World: A Revolution

Abstract

Background. Mankind continues to suffer from the ever-growing diabetes epidemic and the rapid rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This metabolic disease has been studied since ancient civilizations. The Arabo-Islamic civilization excelled in establishing some of the most notable discoveries and teachings that remained the blueprint for years to come in the field of diabetology. Aim. This article aimed to review the ancient history of diabetes mellitus, with its main focus on the Arabo-Islamic civilization, and to report our subjective views and analysis of some of the past recommendations based on modern-day findings. Discussion. It is natural to have the teachings of medicine dynamically inspired by one civilization to another, as various fields continue to expand and evolve. This also applies to diabetology as the Arabo-Islamic world used the outlines of prior civilizations to revolutionize the understanding of the disease. Al-Razi and Ibn Sina are probably two of the most renowned polymaths in history, and their contributions to diabetology are well documented. Ibn Maymun’s postulation about the higher prevalence of diabetes in Egypt as compared to Andalusia is something to be carefully studied. It could be that diabetes mellitus’ underdiagnosis and late-stage detection are some of the major reasons for the disparity between the two mentioned regions. Modern-day Arabo-Islamic scholars continue to excel in revolutionizing diabetology. Conclusion. The Arabo-Islamic world houses an impressive bout of scholars who have contributed since the ancient times to diabetology. This scientific locomotion shows no signs of stopping, as it continues to shine during the present day, and likely in the future.

The influence of sociodemographic factors on the control of blood glucose levels among diabetic outpatients visiting various community pharmacies in Lahore

“…To empower individuals, mitigate immediate complications, and reduce the risk of long-term issues, continuous education and support in self-managing diabetes are imperative (American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, 2024; Upadhyay & Gupta, 2023; Nordin et al, 2024). Additionally, the rising prevalence of diabetes in the Arab World can be attributed to factors such as poor dietary habits influenced by the adoption of a "Westernized diet" or inadequate nutrition, a sedentary lifestyle, and the resultant increase in overweight and obesity rates (Fleifel et al, 2023). Patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes often face complications, increasing morbidity and mortality rates.…”