Diabetes mellitus and poor glycemic control increase the occurrence of coronal and root caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Objectives To assess the occurrence of coronal and root caries in adults with diabetes mellitus (DM).Materials and methods This study was performed accordingly to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. A search strategy was adapted for six databases, as well as gray literature. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools for observational studies. Revman 5.3 was used to conduct five metaanalyses. The quality of evidence of meta-analysis was evaluated by GRADE. Results From 4047 titles retrieved, 29 studies were included in qualitative synthesis and 20 in quantitative synthesis. Findings showed a higher mean of DMFT in DM individuals compared with healthy controls (mean difference = 1.71; 95% CI 1.08-2.33; p < 0.01; I 2 = 55%). Individuals with type 2 DM were three times more likely to have root caries in comparison with non-DM individuals (OR = 3.17; 95% CI 1.19-8.49; p = 0.02; I 2 = 70%). Individuals with uncontrolled glycemic levels within the population with DM had higher prevalence of caries than individuals with controlled DM (OR = 3.82; 95% CI 1.12-13.07; p < 0.01; I 2 = 89%; DMFT index mean difference = 2.61; 95% CI 1.14-4.08; p < 0.01; I 2 = 75%). Conclusions Diabetes mellitus may increase the occurrence of coronal and root caries in adults. Poor glycemic control turned diabetic individuals more likely to have caries. Clinical relevance Dental caries can be an oral sign to indicate poor glycemic control in individuals with DM. Strategies to prevent root caries should be adopted in individuals with type 2 DM. Besides, dental and medical treatments should synergistically explore whether dietary habits are healthy for controlling both, DM and caries.

Survival rate and peri-implant evaluation of immediately loaded dental implants in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The survival rate analysis regarding IL in uncontrolled DM2 compared to nondiabetic controls was also not statistically significant. The present results disagree with the majority of studies regarding the unsatisfactory outcomes of dental treatments in uncontrolled DM2 [ 31 – 33 ]. However, it is essential to consider that the 3 studies in the meta-analysis were heterogeneous in the methods, and this meta-analysis reported a high level of heterogeneity.…”

“…Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for advanced dental treatments that require a satisfactory inflammatory system [ 36 – 39 ]. The main oral issues associated with DM2 are the high incidence of carious lesions, higher prevalence of endodontic problems, and periodontal disease [ 7 , 31 , 40 ]. Thus, edentulism becomes one of the main consequences for these patients [ 6 , 8 ].…”

Self-Reported Diabetes Mellitus and Tooth Extraction Due to Periodontal Disease and Dental Caries in the Japanese Population

“…However, diabetes mellitus was not associated with tooth extraction due to dental caries in the current study. Although some studies [7,8] have reported an association between diabetes mellitus and dental caries, others [6] have reported no association. The relationship between diabetes mellitus and dental caries is not as strong as that of diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease.…”

“…Several studies have also reported an association between dental caries and diabetes mellitus [6][7][8]. De Lima et al [7] reported that dental caries was more prevalent among patients with diabetes mellitus than among healthy controls. Lattie et al [8] found that the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth index in patients with diabetes mellitus was twice as high as that in patients without diabetes mellitus.…”

“…Therefore, a bidirectional association was described between diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease [5]. Several studies have also reported an association between dental caries and diabetes mellitus [6][7][8]. De Lima et al [7] reported that dental caries was more prevalent among patients with diabetes mellitus than among healthy controls.…”