Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Trigger Finger –a Longitudinal Cohort Study Over More Than 20 Years

Abstract

Background and AimTrigger finger (TF) or stenosing tenosynovitis has been associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), although today’s knowledge is mostly based on cross-sectional and case-control studies. Thus, the aim of the present population-based cohort study over more than 20 years was to investigate DM as a risk factor for TF.MethodsData from Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS), including 30,446 individuals, were analysed with regards to baseline DM and known or potential confounders. Information regarding TF diagnosis until study end date of Dec 31st, 2018, was retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR) using ICD-codes. Survival probability was investigated in Kaplan-Meier plots. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to evaluate DM as risk factor for TF, adjusted for several confounders and presented as Hazard Ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsAt baseline, 4.6% (1,393/30,357) participants had DM. In total, 3.2% (974/30,357) participants were diagnosed with TF during the study period. Kaplan-Meier plot showed that the probability for incident TF was significantly higher in participants with baseline DM compared with individuals without baseline DM. Adjusted HR for DM as risk factor for TF was 2.0 (95% CI: 1.5-2.6, p<0.001).ConclusionThis longitudinal study showed that DM is an important risk factor for developing TF. When adjusting for sex, age, BMI, manual work, statin use, smoking and alcohol consumption, DM remained the main risk factor for TF.

Health-related factors and dysregulation of epigenetic related genes in metabolic syndrome trigger finger patients and smoker trigger finger patients: preliminary analysis of patient-derived sample

“…Indeed, trigger finger pain was evident in all the groups. Nonetheless, in some recent literature, hyperglycaemia was hypothesized to create a cross-link between collagen molecules, leading to collagen buildup in the tendon sheaths around the flexor tendon, which does not occur in non-diabetic trigger finger [ 24 ]. This process seems to be the reason why trigger finger pain is worse in diabetics.…”

Trigger Finger Hand, Pathophisiology and Management

“…Trigger finger memiliki puncak pertama yang terjadi sebelum usia delapan tahun dan puncak kedua pada pasien dengan rentang usia 40 -50 tahun. Secara keseluruhan, trigger finger lebih umum terjadi pada orang dewasa, di mana kasus trigger finger terjadi dua kali lebih banyak apabila dibandingkan dengan laki laki (Jeanmonod, 2022;Löfgren et al, 2021). Orang dengan usia 50 tahun keatas, trigger finger lebih sering terjadi pada sisi tangan yang lebih dominan, dan mengenai ibu jari, jari tengah serta jari manis (Fiorini et al, 2018).…”

Patient Experiences after Open Trigger Finger Release in Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes—A Retrospective Study Using Patient-reported Outcome Measures

“…2 TF is more prevalent among individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM), 3 and DM has been confirmed in several studies as a major risk factor for the development of TF. [4][5][6] Recently, we published data indicating increased risk of development of TF with increasing HbA1c levels among individuals with DM; thus, poor glycaemic control seems to increase the risk of TF among individuals with DM. 7 In recent years, hand surgical quality registers have been increasingly used to explore outcomes after various surgical procedures.…”