Diabetes, Sarcopenia, and Frailty

Morley, John E.

doi:10.1016/j.cger.2008.03.004

Cited by 162 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…The many complications associated with diabetes include cardiovascular diseases, peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, chronic renal failure, and impaired mental health (Blaum et al 2007;Maiorana et al 2002;Reeves et al 2010), which put diabetic patients in a polypathological condition (i.e., when diabetes coexists with two or more other diseases, such as hypertension, chronic renal failure, depression, and ischemic heart disease) (Rodríguez-Mañas et al 2014). In elderly populations, diabetes is also associated with reduced muscle strength, poor muscle quality, and accelerated loss of muscle mass (Morley 2008;Garg et al 2009;Leenders et al 2013;Park et al 2007;Volpato et al 2012;Morley et al 2014). Indeed, diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance increase the risk for accelerated aging and for the development of frailty syndrome (Kahn 2007;Sinclair et al 2012;Volpato et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise interventions in polypathological aging patients that coexist with diabetes mellitus: improving functional status and quality of life

Cadore

Izquierdo

2015

AGE

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In elderly populations, diabetes is associated with reduced muscle strength, poor muscle quality, and accelerated loss of muscle mass. In addition, diabetes mellitus increases risk for accelerated aging and for the development of frailty syndrome. This disease is also associated with a polypathological condition, and its complications progressively affect quality of life and survival. Exercise interventions, including resistance training, represent the cornerstones of diabetes management, especially in patients at severe functional decline. This review manuscript aimed to describe the beneficial effects of different exercise interventions on the functional capacity of elderly diabetics, including those at polypathological condition. The SciELO, Science Citation Index, MEDLINE, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and ScienceDirect databases were searched from 1980 to 2015 for articles published from original scientific investigations. In addition to the beneficial effects of exercise interventions on glycemic control, and on the cardiovascular risk factors associated with diabetes, physical exercise is an effective intervention to improve muscle strength, power output, and aerobic power and functional capacity in elderly diabetic patients. Thus, a combination of resistance and endurance training is the most effective exercise intervention to promote overall physical fitness in these patients. In addition, in diabetic patients with frailty and severe functional decline, a multicomponent exercise program including strength and power training, balance exercises, and gait retraining may be an effective intervention to reduce falls and improve functional capacity and quality of life in these patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise interventions in polypathological aging patients that coexist with diabetes mellitus: improving functional status and quality of life

Cadore

Izquierdo

2015

AGE

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“…4 Using these criteria, estimates of the prevalence of frailty among independently living adults vary from 7 % of persons older than 65 years to 40 % of persons older than 80 years; prevalence estimates are higher among persons with chronic disease. [2][3][4]6 Frailty, using this definition, is associated with increased risk of falls, hospitalization, disability and death. 4 However, diagnosing frailty in the clinical setting can be cumbersome, because most indices of frailty require a combination of anthropometry and physical function testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Angle, Frailty and Mortality in Older Adults

Wilhelm-Leen

Hall²,

Horwitz

et al. 2013

J GEN INTERN MED

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BACKGROUND: Frailty is a multidimensional phenotype that describes declining physical function and a vulnerability to adverse outcomes in the setting of physical stress such as illness or hospitalization. Phase angle is a composite measure of tissue resistance and reactance measured via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Whether phase angle is associated with frailty and mortality in the general population is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate associations among phase angle, frailty and mortality. DESIGN: Population-based survey. SETTING: Third National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994). PARTICIPANTS: In all, 4,667 persons aged 60 and older. MEASUREMENTS: Frailty was defined according to a set of criteria derived from a definition previously described and validated. RESULTS: Narrow phase angle (the lowest quintile) was associated with a four-fold higher odds of frailty among women and a three-fold higher odds of frailty among men, adjusted for age, sex, race-ethnicity and comorbidity. Over a 12-year follow-up period, the adjusted relative hazard for mortality associated with narrow phase angle was 2.4 (95 % confidence interval [95 % CI] 1.8 to 3.1) in women and 2.2 (95 % CI 1.7 to 2.9) in men. Narrow phase angle was significantly associated with mortality even among participants with little or no comorbidity. LIMITATIONS: Analyses of BIA and frailty were crosssectional; BIA was not measured serially and incident frailty during follow-up was not assessed. Participants examined at home were excluded from analysis because they did not undergo BIA. CONCLUSIONS: Narrow phase angle is associated with frailty and mortality independent of age and comorbidity.

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“…For example, when people grow older, normal cardiovascular and musculoskeletal reserves of the body gradually decline and this negatively affects the cardio-pulmonary functions as well as mobility [21]. Sarcopenia, a condition in which loss of skeletal muscle mass occurs secondary to aging, is one of the major causes of reduced physical activity as well as mobility in the elderly [22]. Restricted physical functions increase the chance of sarcopenia and all these conditions are perpetuated in a vicious cycle [22].…”

Section: Frailty and Reduced Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sarcopenia, a condition in which loss of skeletal muscle mass occurs secondary to aging, is one of the major causes of reduced physical activity as well as mobility in the elderly [22]. Restricted physical functions increase the chance of sarcopenia and all these conditions are perpetuated in a vicious cycle [22]. Moreover, these changes could reduce the resting metabolic rate, total energy [10,23].…”

Section: Frailty and Reduced Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Clinical Importance of Frailty and Designing a Frailty Assessment Tool in Acute Hospitals

Mt¹,

Yp²,

Chamberlain³

et al. 2014

J Gerontol Geriatr Res

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Introduction: Managing the acute admission of older patients is a challenge in hospitals. Frail older people represent a larger proportion of acute admissions. Length of inpatient stay, inpatient mortality and the 90-day readmission rate are significant in this group of patients. In order to reduce the risks of adverse outcomes, frailty should be screened using an appropriate assessment tool and these patients must receive a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA).

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Diabetes, Sarcopenia, and Frailty

Cited by 162 publications

References 142 publications

Exercise interventions in polypathological aging patients that coexist with diabetes mellitus: improving functional status and quality of life

Exercise interventions in polypathological aging patients that coexist with diabetes mellitus: improving functional status and quality of life

Phase Angle, Frailty and Mortality in Older Adults

Understanding Clinical Importance of Frailty and Designing a Frailty Assessment Tool in Acute Hospitals

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