Diabetic foot

Bowling, Frank L.; Foley, Keeley Jane; Boulton, Andrew J.M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820669-0.00022-0

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Abnormal ankle re ex 67 (19) Abnormal patellar re ex 17 (5) Other diabetes-related complications reported in this cohort, retinopathy (n=166) was the most common, followed by hypertension (n=86), coronary artery disease (n=79), claudication (n=38), cerebrovascular stroke (n=9), renal disease (n=17) and revascularisation (n=1) (Figure 1). The frequency of hypertension (p=0.010) and coronary artery disease (CAD) (p=0.048) was signi cantly higher in women than in men (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic foot complications among people living with diabetes in Harare, Zimbabwe

Kuguyo,

Mukona,

Chikwasha

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Diabetic foot (DF) is one of the most common diabetes-related complications, however, the prevalence and associated risk factors of DF are not well characterized among people living with diabetes (PLWD) in Zimbabwe. This study aims to determine the prevalence of diabetic foot and associated risk factors in PLWD in Zimbabwe. Methods This was a cross-sectional study, employing a mixed-methods approach was used to obtain data. A total of 352 PLWD were recruited from 16 primary care clinics across Harare. Face-to-face interviews and patient record reviews were used to collect sociodemographic and clinical data. Screening for DF included sole pressure, peripheral neuropathy, ankle-brachial index, deep tendon reflexes, ulceration, and amputation were performed. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs). Scoring for KAPs was done using Bloom’s cutoff, and regression analyses were used to associate variables with DF risk. Results This group was made up of 82 men and 279 women. The combined mean age was 57.9 ± 14 years, and the age was comparable by gender (p > 0.05). More than a quarter (n = 21) of men and 15% (n = 41) ofwomen had Type 1 diabetes. The distribution of diabetes type significantly differed by gender (p < 0.001). DF was observed in 53% of PLWD. Abnormal ankle-brachial index (53%) and peripheral neuropathy (53%), foot ulceration (17%) and amputations (3%) were observed. Peripheral neuropathy increased the risk of ulceration (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.1–2.6; p = 0.019), while insulin adherence was protective against amputation (OR = 0.1; 95% CI = 0.1–0.9; p = 0.049). Most (87%) of the group demonstrated good DF knowledge and the importance of adhering to medication to prevent DF. However, 96% did not know that smoking was a risk of DF. Nearly two-thirds (63%) of the group demonstrated poor attitudes and practices. Poor attitudes and practices were not predictors of diabetic foot ulceration risk (p > 0.05). Conclusion Our findings report a high prevalence of DF (53%) in PLWD in Zimbabwe. However, DF is not routinely assessed in Zimbabwe. Adherence to insulin was found to protect against DF, underscoring the need for policy revisions to include screening and increasing insulin adherence to prevent DF as integral primary care for PLWD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…DF encompasses lower extremity complications such as peripheral neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease (PAD), soft tissue infection, and ulceration (5). More than one-third of PLWD develop DF in their lifetime, and in 20% of DF cases, amputations in the lower extremities are observed (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic foot complications among people living with diabetes in Harare, Zimbabwe

Kuguyo,

Mukona,

Chikwasha

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…DF affects 6% of PLWD and encompasses lower extremity complications such as peripheral neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease (PAD), soft tissue infection, and ulceration [ 5 ]. More than one-third of PLWD develop DF during their lifetime [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic foot complications among people living with diabetes in Harare, Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study

Kuguyo,

Mukona,

Chikwasha

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Diabetic foot disease (DF) is a common diabetes-related complication; however, the prevalence and associated risk factors for DF are not well characterised among people living with diabetes (PLWD) in Zimbabwe. This may suggest the unavailability of adequate strategies to diagnose and treat DF in the country. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of DF and associated risk factors for PLWD in Harare, Zimbabwe. Methods This was a cross-sectional study, employing a quantitative approach. In total, 352 PLWD were recruited from 16 primary care clinics in Harare. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected via face-to-face interviews and clinical records reviews. The DF screening included an evaluation for peripheral neuropathy, ankle-brachial index (ABI), ulceration, and amputation. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs), and KAP was scored using Bloom’s cut-off. Chi-Square goodness-of-fit tests were performed, and regression analyses were used for association analysis. The threshold for significance was p < 0.05. Results This group included 82 men and 279 women, with a combined mean age of 57.9 ± 14 years. Twenty one (~ 26%) men and 41 (15%) women had type 1 diabetes. The diabetes type distribution significantly differed by gender (p < 0.001). Oral hypoglycaemics (71%) were most commonly administered for management. DF was observed in 53% (95% CI = 50–56) of PLWD. Other DF symptoms observed were abnormal ABI (53%), peripheral neuropathy (53%), foot ulceration (17%) and amputation (3%). Peripheral neuropathy increased the risk of ulceration (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.1–2.6; p = 0.019), while insulin use was protective against amputation (OR = 0.1; 95% CI = 0.1–0.9; p = 0.049). Most (87%) of the participants demonstrated good DF knowledge and the importance of adhering to medication to prevent DF. However, 96% did not know that smoking was a risk factor for DF. Nearly two-thirds (63%) demonstrated poor attitudes and practices. Poor attitudes and practices were not predictors of DF ulceration risk (p > 0.05). Conclusion This study showed that there was a high prevalence of DF (53%) in PLWD in Zimbabwe, and insulin use was protective against DF. There is an urgent need for policy revisions to include foot screening in routine primary care and increasing insulin use for PLWD to prevent complications such as DF as an integral part of primary care.

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Efficient delivery of VEGF-A mRNA for promoting diabetic wound healing via ionizable lipid nanoparticles

Zha

Wang

Guo

et al. 2023

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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Diabetic foot

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic foot complications among people living with diabetes in Harare, Zimbabwe

Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic foot complications among people living with diabetes in Harare, Zimbabwe

Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic foot complications among people living with diabetes in Harare, Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study

Efficient delivery of VEGF-A mRNA for promoting diabetic wound healing via ionizable lipid nanoparticles

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