Diabetic Polyneuropathy in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the three most common chronic diseases worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) among patients with diabetes.Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out on DM patients who visited King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) between August 2021 and February 2022. We used the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) questionnaire to determine if the patients had DN. In addition, we used the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) to assess the level of physical activity (PA) in these DM patients.Results: A total of 336 patients consented to participate in the study. We found a DN prevalence of 23.8% amongst DM patients treated at the KAUH. In addition, the prevalence of DN amongst T1DM and T2DM patients was found to be 16% and 24.4%, respectively. Furthermore, we found that 65% of DM patients developed complications, with a significant correlation observed between the duration of DM and the development of complications. However, patient age and sex were non-statistically significantly correlated with the development of complications. Analysis of the GPAQ showed that among the 249 patients who completed the questionnaire, none had a high physical activity level, while 4% and 96% had moderate and low physical activity levels, respectively. No association was found between physical activity and patients' age, sex, type of DM, duration of DM, and development of complications.Conclusion: DN prevalence amongst DM patients treated at KAUH was 23.8%. The duration of diabetes was found to be a risk factor for DN. However, patient age and sex were non-statistically significantly associated with DN.

Relationship between deep and superficial sensitivity assessments and gait analysis in diabetic foot patients

“…The risk of developing peripheral neuropathy increases with a longer duration of diabetes, as observed in both type 1 86,87 and type 2 diabetics. [87][88][89] This study also has some limitations. First, the sample of type 1 diabetics was insufficient to make a comparison with type 2 diabetics.…”

“…Likewise, impaired vibratory sensitivity assessed in malleolus and hallux has been reported as higher in type 2 diabetic patients than in type 1 diabetic patients, 82‐85 as it was found in 40% of type 2 diabetics and in approximately 12% of type 1 diabetic patients, 83,85 and in another study, 84,85 a reduced vibration sense was not significant in type 1 diabetics, thereby reinforcing the data on higher threshold values in type 2 patients than in type 1 patients. The risk of developing peripheral neuropathy increases with a longer duration of diabetes, as observed in both type 1 86,87 and type 2 diabetics 87‐89 …”

Development and validation of a risk nomogram model for predicting peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…Notably, individuals who have had T2DM for five years or more tend to experience gradual declines in their vibration perception threshold, reaction time, and balance ( 13 ). A particular cross-sectional study underscored a notable positive correlation between the length of diabetes and the prevalence of DPN, suggesting that DPN progression is closely tied to how long one has had diabetes, typically spanning 8 to 16 years ( 14 ). Amelia R et al.…”