Diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients versus diabetic with co-morbid hypertensive patients.

Abstract

Objectives: To find out severity of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic versus diabetic with co-morbid hypertensive patients in type II diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Comparative study. Setting: KDA Teaching Hospital Kohat. Period: March 2017 to December 2020. Material & Methods: This comparative study focused on severity of diabetic retinopathy was conducted on only type II diabetic patients versus type II diabetic with co-morbid hypertensive patients. Two groups A for diabetic and B for diabetic with co-morbid hypertension patients were made. Proper proforma of diabetic age and severity of diabetic retinopathy was designed for record. First 200 patients with only diabetes mellitus comprising of 123(61.5%) male and 77(38.5%) female were registered in group A and first 200 diabetic patients with co-morbid hypertension comprising of 97(48.5%) male and 103(51.5%) female were registered in group B. Proper informed consents obtained from all patients. Both A and B groups were subdivided into A 1 with diabetic age upto 10 years had 105(52.5%) patients, A 2 with diabetic age 11-20 years had 60(30%) patients, A 3 with diabetic age > 20 years had 35(17.5%) patients and B 1 with diabetic age upto 10 years had 117(58.5%) patients, B2 with diabetic age 11-20 years had 55(27.5%) patients and B3 with diabetic age >20 years had 28(14%) patients. Results: Group A. A 1 had 9(8.57%) patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. A 2 had 13(21.66%) with non-proliferative and 4(6.66) % with proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients. A 3 had 15 (42.85%) non-proliferative and 16(45.71%) proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients. Group B. B 1 had 14(11.96%) patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. B 2 had 16(29.09%) with non-proliferative and 10(18.18%) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients. B 3 had 12(42.85%) non-proliferative and 14(50)% proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients. Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy is adversely affected by co-morbid hypertension.

The Effect of Hypertension and Diabetes on Ophthalmic Artery Hemodynamics

“…They concluded that gray-scale ultrasonography was the initial imaging modality used in most patient cases, due to the fact that it was readily available, simple, cost-effective, nonionizing, noninvasive, and reliable modality for ocular diagnostics among DM and hypertensive patients. 20 Furthermore, they suggested that sonography must be used routinely for ocular evaluation of DM and hypertensive patients. 20 However, in this study it would be worthwhile to use spectral Doppler, within the OA, to routinely predict changes in color Doppler parameters.…”

“…20 Furthermore, they suggested that sonography must be used routinely for ocular evaluation of DM and hypertensive patients. 20 However, in this study it would be worthwhile to use spectral Doppler, within the OA, to routinely predict changes in color Doppler parameters. Another research study completed by Dimitrova and Kato has suggested that spectral Doppler is a widely used diagnostic method for evaluating ocular circulation and should be used to assess blood velocity parameters in the OA, CRA, and PCA.…”