Diabetic Retinopathy in Sub-Saharan Africa

Achigbu, EO; Agweye, ChinezeThelma; Achigbu, Kingsley Ihedioha; Mbatuegwu, Adaku I

doi:10.4103/njo.njo_49_20

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This may be due to variations in clinical definitions of diabetes complications in the studies. Burgess et al 134 and Achigbu et al 135 reported a wide disparity in the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the included studies of 7%–62.4%, and 13%–82.6%, respectively. Noubiap et al 136 in a systematic review on the burden of diabetic nephropathy in 2015 reported an overall prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes ranging between 11% and 83.7%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Indicators of optimal diabetes care and burden of diabetes complications in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveContemporary data on the attainment of optimal diabetes treatment goals and the burden of diabetes complications in adult populations with type 2 diabetes in Africa are lacking. We aimed to document the current status of attainment of three key indicators of optimal diabetes care and the prevalence of five diabetes complications in adult African populations with type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe systematically searched Embase, PubMed and the Cochrane library for published studies from January 2000 to December 2020. Included studies reported any information on the proportion of attainment of optimal glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) goals and/or prevalence of five diabetes complications (diabetic peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, foot ulcers and peripheral arterial disease). Random effect model meta-analysis was performed to determine the pooled proportion of attainment of the three treatment goals and the prevalence of five diabetes complications.ResultsIn total, 109 studies with a total of 63 890 participants (53.3% being females) were included in the meta-analysis. Most of the studies were conducted in Eastern African countries (n=44, 40.4%). The pooled proportion of attainment of an optimal HbA1c, BP and LDLC goal was 27% (95% CI 24 to 30, I2=94.7%), 38% (95% CI 30 to 46, I2=98.7%) and 42% (95% CI 32 to 52, I2=97.4%), respectively. The pooled prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, peripheral arterial disease and foot ulcers was 38% (95% CI 31 to 45, I2=98.2%), 32% (95% CI 28 to 36, I2=98%), 31% (95% CI 22 to 41, I2=99.3%), 19% (95% CI 12 to 25, I2=98.1%) and 11% (95% CI 9 to 14, I2=97.4%), respectively.ConclusionAttainment of optimal diabetes treatment goals, especially HbA1c, in adult patients with type 2 diabetes in Africa remains a challenge. Diabetes complications, especially diabetic peripheral neuropathy and retinopathy, are highly prevalent in adult populations with type 2 diabetes in Africa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Indicators of optimal diabetes care and burden of diabetes complications in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…According to the International Diabetic Federation's (IDF) 2019 report, it was estimated that around 500 million people are living with diabetes worldwide [3], and predicted to be 693 million by 2045 [4]. The majority occurred in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) [5], and 2.6 million diabetes cases were also reported in Ethiopia by 2017 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual impairment among diabetes patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Aytenew,

Kefale,

Birhane

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Introduction The increased prevalence of visual impairment among diabetes patients has become a major global public health problem. Although numerous primary studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of visual impairment and its associated factors among diabetes patients in Ethiopia, these studies presented inconsistent findings. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of visual impairment and identify associated factors among diabetes patients. Methods An extensive search of literature was done on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Sciences databases. A manual search of the reference lists of included studies was performed. A weighted inverse-variance random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence of visual impairment. Results A total of 34 eligible primary studies with a sample size of 11,884 participants were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of visual impairment was 21.73% (95% CI: 18.15, 25.30; I2 = 96.47%; P<0.001). Diabetes mellitus with a duration of diagnosis ≥10 years [AOR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.85, 5.49], presence of co-morbid hypertension [AOR = 3.26, 95% CI: 1.93, 5.50], poor glycemic control [AOR = 4.30, 95% CI: 3.04, 6.06], age ≥56 years [AOR = 4.13, 95% CI: 2.27, 7.52], family history of diabetes mellitus [AOR = 4.18 (95% CI: 2.61, 6.69], obesity [AOR = 4.77, 95% CI: 3.00, 7.59], poor physical activity [AOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.75, 3.46], presence of visual symptoms [AOR = 4.28, 95% CI: 2.73, 6.69] and no history of eye exam [AOR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.47, 3.57] were significantly associated with visual impairment. Conclusions The pooled prevalence of visual impairment was high in Ethiopia. Diabetes mellitus with a duration of diagnosis ≥10 years, presence of co-morbid hypertension, poor glycemic control, age ≥56 years, and family history of diabetes mellitus, obesity, poor physical activity, presence of visual symptoms, and no history of eye exam were independent predictors. Therefore, diabetic patients with these identified risks should be screened, and managed early to reduce the occurrence of visual impairment related to diabetes. Moreover, public health policy with educational programs and regular promotion of sight screening for all diabetes patients are needed.

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Prediction of diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetic patients in University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 2006–2021: A prognostic model

Mulat Tebeje,

Kindie Yenit,

Gedlu Nigatu

et al. 2024

International Journal of Medical Informatics

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Diabetic Retinopathy in Sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Indicators of optimal diabetes care and burden of diabetes complications in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Indicators of optimal diabetes care and burden of diabetes complications in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Visual impairment among diabetes patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Prediction of diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetic patients in University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 2006–2021: A prognostic model

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