Diagenetic alteration, pore-throat network, and reservoir quality of tight gas sandstone reservoirs: A case study of the upper Paleozoic sequence in the northern Tianhuan depression in the Ordos Basin, China

Zhu, Shifa; Zhu, Xiaomin; Jia, Yangwen; Cui, Hang; Wang, Wenyu

doi:10.1306/08151919058

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The formation water of tight sandstone reservoir is mainly controlled by two mechanisms: tectonic movement and diagenetic evolution. 41 It should be noted that when the gas reservoir is subjected to uplift denudation or deep-large fracture, although the geochemical parameters of formation water will be affected, this situation is fatal to the effective accumulation of the gas reservoir and may lead to the escape of the gas reservoir, resulting in a large error of the established model. Therefore, in this paper, the tight sandstone gas reservoir referred to is only a sedimentary basin with a relatively stable subsidence and no deep faults and serious denudation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indication of Formation Water Geochemistry for Hydrocarbon Preservation: New Applications of Machine Learning in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs

Yang

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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The migration of formation water plays a crucial role in hydrocarbon accumulation and preservation. The hydrodynamic field controls the content of various ions in formation water and is an important participant in hydrocarbon evolution. One potential high-yield gas field is the tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the northern Tianhuan Depression of the Ordos Basin, China. However, due to the complex gas–water relationship and limited water sample data, the development of gas reservoirs has encountered great difficulties; we thus analyzed the geochemical characteristics of a large scale of formation water acquired from the Permian in the Ordos Basin (60 water samples collected from 45 wells in the He8 Member). The results showed that formation water is the original sedimentary water in tight sandstone reservoirs, which represent a closed hydrological environment, which is conducive to gas accumulation. This is also related to the demonstrated strong water–rock reaction and diagenetic. We also developed a statistical model between these geochemical parameters and gas preservation based on machine learning algorithms (decision trees). Note that machine learning, as a data-driven artificial intelligence algorithm, generates massive correlation models that can learn from the structured training data sets to carry out predictions or evaluations in newly presented data. This algorithm can process large amounts of information data more quickly and can build more perfect correlation models through deep learning mechanisms than traditional statistical methods. The results suggest that the metamorphism coefficient has the best indication effect on the preservation of gas reservoirs. The hydrological environment with (Cl–-Na+)/Mg2+ > 50.066, Na+/Cl– ≤ 0.476, and Ma2+/Ca2+ ≤ 0.102 is a good hydrocarbon accumulation area. This study can be applied, by analogy, to more comprehensively interpret the correlation between the geochemical characteristics of formation water and hydrocarbon storage and to improve the accuracy of predicting favorable hydrocarbon accumulation areas in tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure1. Location of the study area and division of tectonic units in the Ordos Basin (modified from Zhu et al41 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Indication of Formation Water Geochemistry for Hydrocarbon Preservation: New Applications of Machine Learning in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs

Yang

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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“…(a) Main geotectonic units of the Ordos Basin and location of the study area (modified from Zhu et al, 2020); (b) Distribution of the sedimentary facies of P 2 s 1 ; (c) Distribution of the sedimentary facies of P 2 h 8 ; (d) Regional tectonic model of the Ordos Basin and north–south orogenic belt during the Permian (modified form Dong et al, 2011; Dong & Santosh, 2016; Jiang et al, 2020). …”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pore filling kaolinite growing outside of the quartz overgrowth, and the presence of corroded carbonate crystals existing in the kaolinite aggregates indicates pore filling kaolinite postdated quartz overgrowth and early carbonate cements (Figure 9a). The widespread phenomenon of quartz overgrowth replacement by kaolinite indicates the same silica source or both (Zhu et al, 2020). The aluminium can also be derived from volcanic alteration or feldspar dissolution.…”

Section: Quiescent Period IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Depositional and diagenetic processes in volcanic matrix‐rich sandstones from the Shanxi and Shihezi formations, Ordos Basin, China: Implication for volcano‐sedimentary systems

et al. 2022

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Volcanic eruptions can provide large amounts of sedimentary materials and expose fluvial valleys or lakes to catastrophic hyperpycnal flood events, but this process has not been documented in detail. The Ordos Basin Permian fluvio‐deltaic system reveals evidence for abundant volcanism linked to the tectonic evolution of orogenic belt around the basin and provides a ‘natural laboratory’ for investigating hyperpycnal flows associated with volcanic activity. This study analysed volcanic matrix‐rich sandstone (VMS) samples for petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry in order to address current and uncertain volcanogenic material provenance explanations and the lack of systematic investigations into the depositional and diagenetic processes of volcanic related sediments in the southwestern basin. By combining tectonic background surveys, detrital zircon geochronology and spatial distribution of volcanogenic materials, it was found that volcanogenic materials were not derived from the Yinshan‐Yanshan Orogenic Belt (YYOB) as previously thought, but instead evidence a southwestern origin from the North Qinling Orogenic Belt (NQOB). Volcanogenic materials retained in the provenance area during frequent volcanic eruptions were transported to the basin via fluvial systems shortly after the eruption. The associated sediments meet the criterion for hyperpycnites based on lithofacies associations, suggesting the occurrence of hyperpycnal flows during the deposition of VMS. During the subsequent burial stage, the VMS became three distinct types defined by their volcanic matrix content and have similar paragenetic sequences but different diagenetic intensities. The differing content of authigenic minerals in the three types was closely related to the sandstone pore structure characteristics and the evolution of volcanic‐matrix alteration materials. This article proposes a possible explanation for the previously unidentified tectonothermal events in the NQOB during the Permian, validating and reinforcing the theoretical work of hyperpycnal flow. This contribution provides new insights and understanding of the depositional and diagenetic processes of lacustrine basins with similar tectonic settings.

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“…Diagenesis including compaction, cementation, metasomatism, and dissolution crucially determines the development of pore space within siliciclastic rock reservoirs (e.g., [1][2][3][4]). In particular, cementation and dissolution are closely related to the geochemical properties of pore fluids and record the signal of water-rock reactions during progressive diagenesis [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagenetic Fluid and Its Impact on Sandstone Reservoirs in the Southern Boxing Sag, Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China

Shen

Ruan

et al. 2022

Geofluids

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Diagenesis typically exerts a crucial impact on the formation of high-quality sandstone reservoirs in the Eocene Shahejie Formation, Dongying Depression. To better understand the formation process of petrophysical properties, this research conducts petrographic and geochemical analyses to investigate the nature of diagenetic fluids. Petrographic observations suggest that the dominant cements are carbonate, authigenic quartz, and clay minerals, accompanied with the dissolution of feldspar and calcite. The homogenization temperature of aqueous inclusions in quartz overgrowth usually exceeds 90°C corresponding to the maturity of organic matter. Quartz overgrowths contain higher amounts of CaO and Al2O3 than detrital quartz. This indicates that the siliceous fluid mainly originates from the dissolution of feldspar. Moreover, the conversion of clay minerals also provides trace amounts of silica into pore water during the burial process. Carbonate cements consist of early-stage calcite as well as late-stage Fe-calcite and ankerite. Calcite with relatively higher MnO proportions shows yellow luminescence and dissolution signs. Fe-calcite and ankerite cements have a higher homogenization temperature than that of quartz overgrowth and mainly concentrate in FeO and MgO as well as contain a small amount of Na+, K+, and Sr2+. The rare earth element (REE) pattern of bulk mudstone and carbonate cements as well as C–O isotopic evidences indicate that the diagenetic fluids of carbonate cementation are primarily controlled by the adjacent mudstone, whereas mineral dissolution and altered clay minerals in sandstone provide additional cations for the local reprecipitation of late-stage carbonate. Therefore, diagenetic fluids within sandstone reservoirs are typically subject to alkaline–acid–alkaline conditions and are influenced by internal sources in a closed system. Compaction significantly reduces the pore space of sandstone reservoirs in the Boxing Sag. Carbonate cementation further increases the complexity of pore structure and obeys the principle of mass balance.

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Diagenetic alteration, pore-throat network, and reservoir quality of tight gas sandstone reservoirs: A case study of the upper Paleozoic sequence in the northern Tianhuan depression in the Ordos Basin, China

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Indication of Formation Water Geochemistry for Hydrocarbon Preservation: New Applications of Machine Learning in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs

Indication of Formation Water Geochemistry for Hydrocarbon Preservation: New Applications of Machine Learning in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs

Depositional and diagenetic processes in volcanic matrix‐rich sandstones from the Shanxi and Shihezi formations, Ordos Basin, China: Implication for volcano‐sedimentary systems

Diagenetic Fluid and Its Impact on Sandstone Reservoirs in the Southern Boxing Sag, Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China

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