Diagnosis and management of lymphoblastic lymphoma in children, adolescents and young adults

Precursor B‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma presenting as concurrent enlarging masses on the scalp and postauricular region in a 13‐year‐old boy

“…Immunohistochemically, the lymphoblasts typically express markers such as TdT, cytoplasmic CD79a, and CD19, indicating an early B-lymphoid lineage. [2][3][4] This case highlights the significance of considering pB-LBL as a potential diagnosis when encountering progressively enlarging scalp masses in children. Early identification is critical, as prompt initiation of multi-agent chemotherapy often leads to a favorable prognosis, with reported 5-year overall survival rates reaching up to 90%.…”

“…PB-LBL is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that arises from immature B lymphocytes, constituting only 1% of all hematological malignancies in children. [1][2][3][4] It primarily affects children and adolescents, with a slight male preponderance. [2][3][4] PB-LBL often manifests in localized extramedullary sites, including lymph nodes, bones, skin, and mediastinum.…”

“…[1][2][3][4] It primarily affects children and adolescents, with a slight male preponderance. [2][3][4] PB-LBL often manifests in localized extramedullary sites, including lymph nodes, bones, skin, and mediastinum. [1][2][3] In pB-LBL, the occurrence of skin or subcutaneous involvement in the head and neck region, along with lymph node participation, is uncommon, observed in 4.7% of cases.…”

Children's Oncology Group's 2023 blueprint for research: Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma

“…T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) comprises 70−80% of cases, while precursor B-lymphoblastic lymphoma (pB-LBL) makes up the remaining 20−30% of cases. [12][13][14] Staging for LBL uses the Murphy classification. 15 Typically, B-LBL presents as localized disease (Murphy stages I and II) while T-LBL generally present as stages III and IV disease.…”

“…Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) accounts for 25% of pediatric NHL: T‐lymphoblastic lymphoma (T‐LBL) comprises 70−80% of cases, while precursor B‐lymphoblastic lymphoma (pB‐LBL) makes up the remaining 20−30% of cases 12–14 . Staging for LBL uses the Murphy classification 15 .…”