Diagnosis and Management of Tendon and Ligament Disorders

Avella, C S; Smith, Roger K.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-0867-7.00083-1

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Furthermore, in horses, specific tendons can function as elastic energy storage structures, allowing for an athletic and energy efficient gait [31]. Repetitive overloading of tendons can result in cumulative micro-damage with degenerative changes of the ECM [32,33], and these alterations are invariably associated with physical disruption of fibres, cross-links and matrix proteins [34], being secondary to impaired tenocyte metabolism possibly also due to hyperthermic insults [35] or hypoxic cell injury [36]. In all cases, the resident cell population of the tendon fails to repair this cumulative micro-damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of biomimetic microtissue spheroids and specific growth factor supplementation to improve tenocyte differentiation and adaptation to a collagen-based scaffold in vitro

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of biomimetic microtissue spheroids and specific growth factor supplementation to improve tenocyte differentiation and adaptation to a collagen-based scaffold in vitro

et al. 2015

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“…Instead of fresh serum [39], thermally inactivated autologous serum was used in the present study and also injected into control group lesions. Alternatively, control lesions could have been left without puncture and treatment, but puncture alone has been shown to support drainage of early fluid accumulation and could theoretically guide peritendineal precursor cells into the lesion and thereby have a therapeutic effect [98, 99]. For the same reason, repeat biopsies were not used in the current study compared with previous studies [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of single intralesional treatment of surgically induced equine superficial digital flexor tendon core lesions with adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: a controlled experimental trial

et al. 2017

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BackgroundAdipose tissue is a promising source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for the treatment of tendon disease. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of a single intralesional implantation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AT-MSCs) on artificial lesions in equine superficial digital flexor tendons (SDFTs).MethodsDuring this randomized, controlled, blinded experimental study, either autologous cultured AT-MSCs suspended in autologous inactivated serum (AT-MSC-serum) or autologous inactivated serum (serum) were injected intralesionally 2 weeks after surgical creation of centrally located SDFT lesions in both forelimbs of nine horses. Healing was assessed clinically and with ultrasound (standard B-mode and ultrasound tissue characterization) at regular intervals over 24 weeks. After euthanasia of the horses the SDFTs were examined histologically, biochemically and by means of biomechanical testing.ResultsAT-MSC implantation did not substantially influence clinical and ultrasonographic parameters. Histology, biochemical and biomechanical characteristics of the repair tissue did not differ significantly between treatment modalities after 24 weeks. Compared with macroscopically normal tendon tissue, the content of the mature collagen crosslink hydroxylysylpyridinoline did not differ after AT-MSC-serum treatment (p = 0.074) while it was significantly lower (p = 0.027) in lesions treated with serum alone. Stress at failure (p = 0.048) and the modulus of elasticity (p = 0.001) were significantly lower after AT-MSC-serum treatment than in normal tendon tissue.ConclusionsThe effect of a single intralesional injection of cultured AT-MSCs suspended in autologous inactivated serum was not superior to treatment of surgically created SDFT lesions with autologous inactivated serum alone in a surgical model of tendinopathy over an observation period of 22 weeks. AT-MSC treatment might have a positive influence on collagen crosslinking of remodelling scar tissue. Controlled long-term studies including naturally occurring tendinopathies are necessary to verify the effects of AT-MSCs on tendon disease.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0564-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…2,4,6,19 It has been recommended that horses with SDF lesions should not return to cantering exercise for 12 to 16 months or until ultrasonographic evidence of healing of the tendon is found. 2,4,6,19 It has been recommended that horses with SDF lesions should not return to cantering exercise for 12 to 16 months or until ultrasonographic evidence of healing of the tendon is found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Most of the published data regarding SDF tendonitis in horses are associated with sport and racing disciplines, 4 with the lesion most commonly located in the center of the tendon within the mid-metacarpal region 5,6 (generating a classic core lesion appearance in ultrasonographic images). 3 Most of the published data regarding SDF tendonitis in horses are associated with sport and racing disciplines, 4 with the lesion most commonly located in the center of the tendon within the mid-metacarpal region 5,6 (generating a classic core lesion appearance in ultrasonographic images).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%