Diagnosis and outcome of dextrocardia diagnosed in the fetus

Mice with mutations in Mahogunin ring finger‐1 (Mgrn1) exhibit abnormal patterning of the left–right axis

“…Morbidity and mortality of laterality defects are generally attributed to associated complex congenital heart defects (CHDs), suggesting that the developing heart is particularly susceptible to disturbances in LR patterning (Kathiriya and Srivastava, 2000). Individuals with situs inversus have a higher incidence of CHDs than individuals with normal LR development (ϳ3% vs. Ͻ0.1%), whereas ϳ90% of individuals with heterotaxia or isomerism are estimated to show complex CHDs (Ferencz et al, 1985;Bowers et al, 1996;Freed, 2001;Walmsley et al, 2004;Ramsdell, 2005). Cardiac malformations most commonly associated with LR patterning defects include atrial and ventricular septal defects, single (common) ventricle, transposition of the great arteries, double-outlet right ventricle (DORV), and pulmonary stenosis or atresia (Freed, 2001).…”

Goldenhar-Associated Conditions (hemifacial microsomia) and Congenital Deformities of the Spine

“…37 Dextrocardia was present in 3 of our patients (21.4%), which is also higher than the reported prevalence of 1.5% in a retrospective review of 5539 fetal echocardiograms and 0.7% among 1039 patients with congenital heart diseases. 38,39 None of our patients had neurologic abnormalities. Imaging studies of the spinal cord and cauda equina were performed in 4 patients and showed normal development.…”

Total Situs Inversus: A Rare Anomaly Presenting to a Chiropractic Teaching Clinic

“…In the series by Applegate et al, 3 8 of the 21 patients with heterotaxy had malrotation. Of the 46 cases of dextrocardia reviewed by Walmsley et al, 13 noncardiac anomalies were predominantly seen in patients with situs ambiguous and included 6 patients with gastrointestinal abnormalities or malrotation.…”

“…Congenital heart disease is not uncommon in patients with dextrocardia with or without situs anomalies. Walmsley et al 13 The literature reports the incidence of cardiac abnormalities in patients with TSI to range from less than 1% up to 9%. [2][3][4]6 The incidence of cardiac malformations in children with heterotaxy is very high, ranging from 50% to almost 100%, and in those children with asplenia syndrome, there is a 99% to 100% prevalence of cardiac malformations.…”