Diagnosis and treatment of allergy to hymenoptera venoms

Abstract

Minor enhancements involving dialyzed venoms, component allergens, and microarray systems are poised to improve diagnostic confirmatory assays. Use of venom immunotherapy in large local reactors and tryptase as a predictor of a future severe venom-induced systemic reaction may enhance management programs for stinging insect allergic individuals.

Acute Kidney Injury Due to Acute Cortical Necrosis Following a Single Wasp Sting

“…17 Enzymes like phospholipase A 2 and hyaluronidase; active peptides like melittin, amines like histamine and serotonin; and others like mastoparan, kinins, acetylcholine, and antigen 5 have been identified as pathogenic agents in the venoms. [18][19][20][21] In addition to AKI, wasp or bee stings have also been associated with reports of nephrotic syndrome and type 1 renal tubular acidosis. [22][23][24][25][26] Our patient had a single wasp sting on her hand and went on to develop AKI without any evidence of hypotension, severe allergic manifestations, hemolysis, or rhabdomyolysis.…”

Evaluation of a Novel Rapid Test System for the Detection of Specific IgE to Hymenoptera Venoms

“…The methodology for the measurement of sIgE has evolved during the recent years [5, 6]. Lately, rapid assays for the detection of sIgE as point-of-care diagnostics have been developed using various strategies [7, 8].…”

Elevated baseline mast cell tryptase: a marker of severe insect venom anaphylaxis

“…If recognized and managed appropriately, fatal reactions can usually be averted. Over the past decades, immunotherapy has been established as a highly effective immunomodulatory treatment in patients with insect venom allergy and anaphylaxis [6][7][8]. Immunotherapy to bee venom is now considered the treatment of choice for patients with a history of hymenoptera venom anaphylaxis.…”

“…Hamilton [6] provides a detailed overview of the steps involved in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected hymenoptera venom allergy. Intradermal testing with dialyzed venom extracts has been shown to have the best diagnostic properties.…”