Diagnosis and treatment of infantile malignant solid tumors in beijing, China: A multicenter 10‐year retrospective study

Abstract

Importance Cancer is the main cause of death by disease in children. Children experience the highest incidence of cancer in the first year of life. However, there is no comprehensive registration system for children with tumors in China. Objective To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of infant cancer and analyze the status of standardized diagnosis and management among several treatment centers in Beijing, China, thereby providing evidence to guide further clinical research. Methods From January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019, patients with newly diagnosed infantile malignant solid tumors were admitted to six large tertiary pediatric solid tumor diagnosis and treatment centers in Beijing. The epidemiology, clinical features, and therapeutic effects of tumors in these patients were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were followed up until March 31, 2020. Results In total, 938 patients were enrolled in this study. There were 530 boys (56.5%) and 408 girls (43.5%); the median age was 6.0 months (range, 0–12.0 months). The three most common tumors were retinoblastoma in 366 patients (39.0%), neuroblastoma in 266 patients (28.4%), hepatoblastoma in 133 patients (14.2%), and central nervous system tumors in 52 patients (5.5%). The estimated 5‐year overall survival rate was 81.3% ± 1.8%, and the 5‐year event‐free survival rate was 71.8% ± 2.9%. The 5‐year overall survival rates of non‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma, neuroblastoma, and retinoblastoma were 100%, 88% ± 2.2%, and 86.9% ±2.1%, respectively. The 5‐year event‐free survival rates were 81.1% ± 2.7% for neuroblastoma, 81.6% ± 9.8% for non‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma, and 72.7% ± 14.1% for extracranial malignant germ cell tumors. Interpretation The three most common infantile malignant solid tumors were retinoblastoma, neuroblastoma, and hepatoblastoma. Multidisciplinary combined diagnosis and treatment is needed for infantile tumors.

Pain management of newly diagnosed sarcoma patients at a single center

“…Cancer is the leading cause of death by disease in children. [13] For children with cancer, pain is a common and torturous symptom. [14] Although there are few accurate data reports on the current status of pain in children, studies have shown that almost all children with cancer experience pain.…”

Laryngeal mask versus intubation on adverse reactions in pediatric retinoblastoma patients

“…1, we retrospectively analyzed the history data of 371 patients with retinoblastoma who were admitted to our hospital during 1st January 2007 and 31th December 2020 by searching our electronic medical record database using the key word "retinoblastoma". The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) retinoblastoma diagnosed by computing tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); (2) aged between 3 and 13 years;…”

“…Retinoblastoma is one of the most common infantile malignant solid tumors, with a uniform incidence rate across population at 1 in 15,000-20,000 live births corresponding to about 9,000 new cases every year [1]. Although chemotherapy and radiation treatment aim to spare the eye, in some cases, enucleation (ie, removal of the entire eyeball) is considered the main treatment for end-stage ocular diseases [2]. An enucleation is performed as an outpatient procedure under general anesthesia.…”

Current vaccination status and safety of children with peripheral neuroblastoma in the real-world

“…Cancer is the second leading cause of death among children aged 5 to 14 years after accidents, and more than one third of children diagnosed with tumors are before the age of five ( 1 ). In 2020, a retrospective survey of 938 children in Beijing over the past decade found that the three most common types of infant malignant solid tumors were retinoblastoma (39%), neuroblastoma (28.4%) and hepatoblastoma (14.2%) ( 2 ). Neuroblastoma is one of peripheral neuroblastic tumors (pNT).…”