Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus

Abstract

Since December 2019, an epidemic caused by novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has occurred unexpectedly in China. As of 8 pm, 31 January 2020, more than 20 pediatric cases have been reported in China. Of these cases, ten patients were identified in Zhejiang Province, with an age of onset ranging from 112 days to 17 years. Following the latest National recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia caused by 2019-nCoV (the 4th edition) and current status of clinical practice in Zhejiang Province, recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory infection caused by 2019-nCoV for children were drafted by the National

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges

“…A recent study in Beijing reported that 2 of the 13 patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia were children aged between 2-15 years [9] . As of 10 February 2020, more than 20 paediatric cases have been reported in China, 10 of whom were identified in Zhejiang Province and were in the age range of 112 days to 17 years [31] . Among adult patients, cardiovascular disease and hypertension were the most common underlying diseases, followed by diabetes mellitus.…”

High-resolution computed tomography manifestations of COVID-19 infections in patients of different ages

“…Possible reasons for these findings are as follows: 1) adolescent cases are mostly third-generation infection cases, which may involve mainly family cluster cases. Furthermore, COVID-19 has weak virulence, resulting in lighter imaging signs in these patients [7] ; 2) minors have immature lung structure development, resulting in atypical HRCT signs, and; 3) a COVID-19 attack on the immune system is more likely to cause diffuse alveolar damage and a large number of inflammatory exudations in middle-aged and older patients with more baseline diseases. In one patient, bilateral pleural effusion was found, which may be due to the adjacent inflammation stimulating the pleura.…”

“…Studies have shown that, compared to middle-aged and elderly people with COVID-19 infection, children or young people have milder symptoms, are more easily cured, and have a good prognosis [7] . In this study, we analyzed the HRCT lung manifestations and related signs in 98 patients of different ages.…”

Recomendaciones sobre el manejo clínico de la infección por el «nuevo coronavirus» SARS-CoV2. Grupo de trabajo de la Asociación Española de Pediatría (AEP)

“…Los casos pediátricos publicados son, hasta la fecha, escasos 8,9 y parece que más leves especialmente en lactantes 19 . El periodo de incubación se encuentra entre 2-14 días (mediana 3-7 días).…”

“…(1-2 mg/kg/día) durante 3 a 5 días, pero no para uso a largo plazo 8,9 . Se han empleado inmunoglobulinas intravenosas en casos graves, pero su indicación y eficacia debe ser evaluada.…”