Diagnosis and treatment strategies for children with myocarditis

Singh, Rakesh K.; Yeh, Justin; Price, Jack F.

doi:10.1016/j.ppedcard.2016.08.022

Cited by 3 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Conversely, late gadolinium enhancement translates the presence of fibrosis, which is typically not restricted to a vascular territory, being usually mesomural and subepicardial. 2,13,32 Figures 2 and 3 illustrate these changes. Cardiac resonance is also able to identify segmental changes in ventricular walls, more commonly in inferolateral and basal walls.…”

Section: Cardiac Magnetic Resonancementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Neonates and infants may present with unspecific symptoms suggestive of infection, including fever, hypoactivity, and suction difficulty, or may severe signs, such apneia, cyanosis, and cardiogenic shock. 2,7 In older children and in adolescents, clinical manifestations may also be different. Most children present with unspecific respiratory or gastrointestinal complaints; only a minority of them report chest pain.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sudden death may occur in some cases of myocarditis. 2 Every patient with new-onset HF or arrhythmia should have myocarditis considered as a possible diagnosis.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiovascular magnetic resonance is a tool widely accepted to investigate patients with suspected myocarditis and became the non-invasive diagnostic method of choice in the diagnosis of myocarditis. 2,44,46 In pediatrics, in addition to contributing to diagnosis, cardiovascular magnetic resonance is able to contribute in prognosis, especially in cases of fulminant myocarditis. 47 Martinez-Villar et al 45 showed the contribution of resonance in the diagnosis of myocarditis in adolescents with infarction-like presentation.…”

Section: Cardiac Magnetic Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it shows high morbidity and mortality rates in the pediatric population 1 and is considered the most common cause of heart failure (HF) in previously healthy children. 1,2 Furthermore, its clinical presentation has a spectrum of signs and symptoms ranging from oligosymptomatic cases to cardiogenic shock and sudden death, which represents a…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Acute Myocarditis in Childhood and Adolescence in the Covid-19 Era

Torbey¹,

Souza²,

Bustamante³

et al. 2021

ABC: Heart Failure &Amp; Cardiomyopathy

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Myocarditis in children and adolescents is an inflammatory myocardial disease with a heterogeneous presentation ranging from oligosymptomatic, with no impaired ejection fraction to catastrophic clinical presentation with cardiogenic shock (fulminant myocarditis) or sudden death. Thus, this condition remains a major challenge from the diagnostic and therapeutic points of view. Despite the different etiologies listed, the most frequent form may be related to viral diseases, and new forms of myocarditis, such allergic ones (eosinophilic and use of medications, particularly cancer immunotherapy), have been currently described. Increasing the rate of suspicion is crucial. Measurement of serum levels of troponin and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide, as well as the use of advanced methods of cardiac imaging, such as strain echocardiogram, positron emission tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance, are integral part of multimodal assessment in suspected patients. Although endomyocardial biopsy remains is still the gold standard for disease diagnosis, currently it tends to be performed in specific situations, such as fulminant clinical presentation and chronic or recurrent myocarditis. The management of this condition includes general supportive care, treatment of heart failure, control of arrhythmias when present, assessment of mechanical support and cardiac transplantation. Treatments based on immunosuppression and immunotherapy are still controversial. In this article, we propose a broad review of diagnostic and treatment methods, as well as the different etiologies in the pediatric population.

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Section: Cardiac Magnetic Resonancementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sudden death may occur in some cases of myocarditis. 2 Every patient with new-onset HF or arrhythmia should have myocarditis considered as a possible diagnosis.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cardiac Magnetic Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Acute Myocarditis in Childhood and Adolescence in the Covid-19 Era

Torbey¹,

Souza²,

Bustamante³

et al. 2021

ABC: Heart Failure &Amp; Cardiomyopathy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Report of a Myocarditis Outbreak among Pediatric Patients: Human Herpesvirus 7 as a Causative Agent?

Özdemir

Küçük

Dibeklioğlu

2017

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics

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Coronary artery spasm due to acute myocarditis in an adolescent: a case report

Kim

Lee

et al. 2022

BMC Pediatr

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Background Myocarditis refers to the inflammation of the myocardium caused by infection or autoimmune disease that may or may not present with clinical manifestations, such as gastrointestinal symptoms, dyspnea, chest pain, or sudden death. Although myocarditis and coronary artery vasospasm may mimic ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with normal coronary arteries on angiography, acute myocarditis rarely causes coronary artery spasm. Here, we report a case of coronary artery spasm with reversible electrocardiographic changes mimicking STEMI in an adolescent with acute myocarditis. Case presentation A 15-year-old boy present with sudden-onset repeated chest pain following a 3-day history of flu-like illness. Cardiac biomarkers were significantly elevated. Electrocardiography showed ST-segment elevation in the absence of detectable vasospasm on coronary angiography. These findings were consistent with the diagnosis of coronary artery spasm secondary to acute myocarditis. Treatment with immunoglobulin for 2 days improved his condition. The patient was discharged on the 12th day with complete resolution of symptoms and normalization of electrocardiogram findings. Conclusions We reported a case of coronary artery spasm due to acute myocarditis. This study highlights the importance of considering coronary artery spasm due to acute myocarditis as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with signs of STEMI as these diseases have different medical management strategies.

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Diagnosis and treatment strategies for children with myocarditis

Cited by 3 publications

References 79 publications

Acute Myocarditis in Childhood and Adolescence in the Covid-19 Era

Acute Myocarditis in Childhood and Adolescence in the Covid-19 Era

Report of a Myocarditis Outbreak among Pediatric Patients: Human Herpesvirus 7 as a Causative Agent?

Coronary artery spasm due to acute myocarditis in an adolescent: a case report

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