Diagnosis of autism

Baird, Gillian

doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7413.488

Cited by 199 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

127

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Autism is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder defined by social and communication deficits and ritualistic-repetitive behaviors that are typically detectable in early childhood and continue throughout life [1][2]23]. In the original description of autism by Kanner [31], autistic children were characterized by the lack of interest in, and interactions with, others; whereas current DSM-IV criteria identify substantially more subtle deficits in reciprocal social interaction as sufficient for meeting criteria for this disorder [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the original description of autism by Kanner [31], autistic children were characterized by the lack of interest in, and interactions with, others; whereas current DSM-IV criteria identify substantially more subtle deficits in reciprocal social interaction as sufficient for meeting criteria for this disorder [1]. Behavioral abnormalities in this domain in autism are varied and include such characteristics as deficits in non-verbal expression, abnormalities in the social use or understanding of language, and the presence of repetitive and stereotyped behaviors [2,41], as well as developmental deficits in social perception [56]. Although there is considerable evidence that autism has genetic components, possible genetic mechanisms of autism have not yet been identified [22][23]39,[64][65].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Colony formation of C57BL/6J mice in visible burrow system: Identification of eusocial behaviors in a background strain for genetic animal models of autism

Arakawa

Blanchard

2007

Behavioural Brain Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Deficits in social interaction are primary characteristics of autism, which has strong genetic components. Genetically-manipulated mouse models may provide a useful research tool to advance the investigation of genes associated with autism. To identify these genes using mouse models, behavioral assays for social relationships in the background strains must be developed. The present study examined colony formation in groups of one male and three female mice (Experiment 1) and, groups of three male mice (Experiment 2) of the C57BL/6J strain in a seminatural visible burrow system. For adult mixed-sex colonies, four-hour observations during both the dark and light cycles for 15 days demonstrated day-dependent increases in huddling together in the chamber accompanied by decreased frequencies of active social behaviors. Sequential analyses of social interactions indicated that approaches to the back of the approached animal typically elicited flight, while approaches to the front of the approached animal failed to do so. This was seen for female to female, and for female to male approaches, as well as male to female approaches, strongly counter indicating a view that rear approach/flight specifically reflects female responsivirity to unwanted male sexual approach. For adult male colonies, similar protocols found that these social behaviors were similar to those of adult mixed-sex colonies. These findings suggest two potentially useful measures of eusocial behavior in mice, of possible value for genetic mouse models of autism; that is, huddling together and approaches to the front but not the back, of conspecifics.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colony formation of C57BL/6J mice in visible burrow system: Identification of eusocial behaviors in a background strain for genetic animal models of autism

Arakawa

Blanchard

2007

Behavioural Brain Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Symptoms vary in any single person with autism, and developmental change occurs over time. Currently, diag nosable medical conditions, cytogenetic abnormalities, environmental factors, and single-gene defects [e.g., TSC, fragile X syndrome (FXS)] associated with autism, together account for 10-20% of cases [8].…”

Section: Definition Of Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Non Genetic Aspects of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Avdjieva-Tzavella¹

2008

Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chromosome abnormalities have long been recognized as an important cause of learning disabilities and multiple malformation syndromes. About 0.8% of live born infants have numerical or structural chromosomal anomalies that result in an abnormal phenotype. Identification of such anomalies is important clinically and also for accurate genetic counseling. Recently, molecular cytogenetic and array-based techniques have enabled higher resolution screens for chromosome anomalies. This brief review of the etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) focuses on the heritable and non heritable risk factors that underlie this major neuro-developmental disorder. Since all patients with a chromosomal imbalance are dysmorphic, the association of ASD with a facial dysmorphism seems to be a good indication for chromosomal anomaly screening.

show abstract

“…Currently, no biological "test" exists for diagnosing autism (Baird, Cass, & Slonims, 2003). It is defined by a pattern of abnormal behavioural characteristics, ranging in severity from mild to severe (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retracing the Historical Social Care Context of Autism: A Narrative Overview

D’Astous¹,

Manthorpe²,

Lowton³

et al. 2014

Br J Soc Work

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(2016) Retracing the historical social care context of autism: a narrative overview. The British Journal of Social Work, 46 (3). pp. [789][790][791][792][793][794][795][796][797][798][799][800][801][802][803][804][805][806][807] This version is available from Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/54127/ This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies and may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the URL above for details on accessing the published version. Copyright and reuse:Sussex Research Online is a digital repository of the research output of the University.Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable, the material made available in SRO has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. The key themes from this narrative review suggest the interconnections between scientific development, social awareness and service provision for individuals with autism and their families and changes in social care over time.

show abstract

Diagnosis of autism

Abstract: *

Cited by 199 publications

References 25 publications

Colony formation of C57BL/6J mice in visible burrow system: Identification of eusocial behaviors in a background strain for genetic animal models of autism

Colony formation of C57BL/6J mice in visible burrow system: Identification of eusocial behaviors in a background strain for genetic animal models of autism

Genetic and Non Genetic Aspects of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Retracing the Historical Social Care Context of Autism: A Narrative Overview

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About