Diagnosis of cardiac blood cyst by echocardiography in 8 cases

Abstract

Objective: To explore the characteristics of intra-cardiac blood cysts to provide a reference for accurate diagnosis and prognosis. Methods: In this study, 8 cases of cardiac blood cysts were analyzed retrospectively from January 2006 to March 2020, and the clinical symptoms, echocardiography, operation and prognosis were analyzed. Results: All clinical symptoms were not typical and cysts were isolated. The cysts were attached to the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve (n=4), posterior papillary muscle and chordae of mitral valve (n=1), septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve (n=2), or the tricuspid valve orifice and tricuspid anterior annulus (n=1). Echocardiography revealed the cysts were small and balloon-like. They had high tension wall, the wall was thin and smooth. Calcification could be seen on the cyst wall. The inside was none echogenicity area and the cyst moved and swung with the valve or chordae. Of the 8 patients, 1 had no hemodynamic effects and did not need surgery. The other 7 cases were confirmed by surgery and pathology for the cardiac blood cysts. 3 subjects underwent simple cystectomy alone. 1 with infectious endocarditis and mitral valve vegetation, and the other one caused the left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. 2 subjects had a history of mitral valve abnormality with mechanical mitral valve replacement. Conclusions: Cardiac blood cysts are rare and benign heart condition in adults. They can be diagnosed by echocardiography to guide intervention.

Blood cysts of the cardiac valves in adults: Review and analysis of published cases

“…Except for the first two BCs cases described, diagnosed either by cineangiography 3 or M‐mode echocardiogram, 5 in all other cases transthoracic 2D echo was used for evidencing the presence of an MV mass (Figure 1). The diagnosis was confirmed by supplemental transesophageal echo in many cases and more recently by multimodality imaging, including angio‐computed tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance, contrast real‐time echocardiography, and 3D echo 23,34,36,38,44,45,49,49,51 …”

“…Our literature search has documented a total of 50 articles considered eligible for analysis and reporting a total of 54 patients; 36 (72%) are reports of a single case, 3–38 12 (24%) images in cardiovascular disease, 39–50 1 case series reporting 5 patients (2%), 51 and 1 letter to the editor (2%), 52 all published from 1960 to 2021 (Tables 1 and 2).…”

“…The diagnosis was confirmed by supplemental transesophageal echo in many cases and more recently by multimodality imaging, including angio-computed tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance, contrast real-time echocardiography, and 3D echo. 23,34,36,38,44,45,49,49,51…”

BLOOD CYSTS OF THE CARDIAC VALVES IN ADULTS Review and analysis of published cases

“…1). The diagnosis was confirmed by supplemental transesophageal echo in many cases and more recently by multimodality imaging, including angio-computed tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance, contrast real-time echocardiography and 3-D echo 23,34,36,38,44,45,49,51 .…”

“…Our Literature search has documented a total of 50 articles considered eligible for analysis and reporting a total of 54 patients; 36 (72%) are reports of a single case , 12 (24%) images in cardiovascular disease [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] , 1 a case series reporting 5 patients (2%) 51 and 1 a letter to the Editor (2%) 52 , all published from 1960 to 2021 (Table 1 and 2…”