Diagnosis of intestinal amoebiasis by using nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay

Khairnar, Krishna; Parija, Subhash Chandra; Ramasamy, Palaniappan

doi:10.1007/s00535-007-2080-6

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Several reports suggest that mixed infections of E. histolytica and E. dispar are not uncommon (Acuna-Soto et al, 1993, Beck et al, 2008, Haque et al, 1998a, Khairnar et al, 2007, Zaki et al, 2003a. Similarly, E. moshkovskii infections have often been found to be associated with E. dispar and/or E. histolytica infections , Beck et al, 2008, Fotedar et al, 2008, Khairnar et al, 2007, Parija & Khairnar, 2005.…”

Section: Infections With Multiple Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, E. moshkovskii infections have often been found to be associated with E. dispar and/or E. histolytica infections , Beck et al, 2008, Fotedar et al, 2008, Khairnar et al, 2007, Parija & Khairnar, 2005. Use of species-specific PCR amplification can usually detect and differentiate multiple infections, at least where distinct primers are used for each species.…”

Section: Infections With Multiple Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, although all the deaths could be due to invasive E. histolytica infections, the value for the prevalence of E. histolytica is an overestimate since it dates from before the separation of the pathogen E. histolytica from the non-pathogen E. dispar . In addition, recent studies suggest that infection with E. moshkovskii, a morphologically identical species, is also common in some areas of E. histolytica endemicity , Beck et al, 2008, Fotedar et al, 2008, Khairnar et al, 2007, Parija & Khairnar, 2005 and could be contributing to the prevalence figures. Obtaining accurate species prevalence data remains a priority as there are gaps in our knowledge for many geographic regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular epidemiology of amebiasis

Ali

Clark

Petri

2008

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

131

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Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of human amebiasis, remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries and is responsible for up to 100,000 deaths worldwide each year. Entamoeba dispar, morphologically indistinguishable from E. histolytica, is more common in humans in many parts of the world. Similarly Entamoeba moshkovskii, which was long considered to be a free-living ameba, is also morphologically identical to E. histolytica and E. dispar, and is highly prevalent in some E. histolytica endemic countries. However, the only species to cause disease in humans is E. histolytica. Most old epidemiological data on E. histolytica are unusable as the techniques employed do not differentiate between the above three Entamoeba species. Molecular tools are now available not only to diagnose these species accurately but also to study intra-species genetic diversity. Recent studies suggest that only a minority of all E. histolytica infections progress to development of clinical symptoms in the host and there exist population level differences between the E. histolytica strains isolated from the asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. Nevertheless the underlying factors responsible for variable clinical outcome of infection by E. histolytica remain largely unknown. We anticipate that the recently completed E. histolytica genome sequence and new molecular techniques will rapidly advance our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenicity of amebiasis.

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Section: Infections With Multiple Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Infections With Multiple Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular epidemiology of amebiasis

Ali

Clark

Petri

2008

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

131

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“…Traditionally, metronidazole is prescribed for the treatment of amoebiasis and taken as drug of choice (Tasanor, 2007;Gupta, 2004;Khairnar, 2007) but studies have shown that it is not effective against the cyst, as it is rapidly absorbed from the lumen (Powell, 1969). The present recommendations are to combine this drug with some luminal amoebicidal like paromycin or diloxanide furoate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of allopathic and herbal medicine for the treatment of Entamoeba histolytica: A double blind clinical trial

Siddiqui¹,

Usmanghani²

2015

J. Med. Plants Res.

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This parallel, randomized, double blind clinical trial was designed to compare allopathic drugs [a combination of metronidazole + diloxanide furoate (MDF)] with Endemali (herbal product) for therapeutic cure rate and side effects in order to find out the most suitable drug for this killer disease. This double blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in two areas of Karachi, Pakistan after approval from ethical committee of Hamdard University. All those confirmed for Entamoeba histolytica were included in the study. One hundred and seventy one patients selected for the study were randomly allocated to two arms of 86 and 85 for allopathic and herbal treatment, respectively. However 78 in allopathic and 75 in herbal group completed the study. Main outcome variable was treatment success or failure. Secondary outcome measures included side effects and association with age and sex. No significant difference was observed in the socio economic and demographic variables at the baseline. No significant difference was found between the cure rate of MDF and Endemali; hence both drugs were equally effective in treating amoebiasis. Significant differences were reported for the side effects observed among the two groups and the price. The failure rate for the two drugs was 28.7%. It is concluded that both Endemali and MDF are equally effective in treating amoebiasis. However, Endemali has fewer side effects than MDF. New drugs need to be researched for the treatment of E. histolytica because of high failure rate of the two drugs against this killer organism.

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“…In the Indian subcontinent, the prevalence of intestinal amoebiasis among hospitalized patients was found to be around 11.7% using microscopy. However, using molecular biology tools such as PCR, E. histolytica was shown to be in 3.5% of those infected (Khairnar et al, 2007). In another endemic country such as Bangladesh and using ELISA antigen detection kits, E. histolytica prevalence was found to be 4.2% among children living in the urban slums of Dhaka ).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Amoebiasis and Its Occurrence In The Era Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amoebiasis in the Tropics: Epidemiology and Pathogenesis

Samie¹,

ElBakri²,

AbuOdeh³

2012

Current Topics in Tropical Medicine

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Diagnosis of intestinal amoebiasis by using nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay

Abstract: Nested PCR-RFLP was useful for the specific detection of E. histolytica, E. dispar, and E. moshkovskii in stool samples.

Cited by 39 publications

References 36 publications

Molecular epidemiology of amebiasis

Molecular epidemiology of amebiasis

Comparison of allopathic and herbal medicine for the treatment of Entamoeba histolytica: A double blind clinical trial

Amoebiasis in the Tropics: Epidemiology and Pathogenesis

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