Diagnosis of lymph node metastases of head and neck cancer and evaluation of effects of chemoradiotherapy using ultrasonography

Furukawa, Madoka; Furukawa, Masaki

doi:10.1007/s10147-009-0017-1

Cited by 70 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Despite the fact that microscopic lymph node metastases may be present that cannot be observed macroscopically and that there may be small lesions that cannot be detected even by current ultrasonography techniques, it is nonetheless very important to use ultrasonography before treatment to assess lymph nodes less than 10 mm in diameter that cannot be detected by CT or MRI, as a diagnostic procedure for lymph node metastasis (32). In this study, using a 3D CE-HFUS system with Sonazoid, the increases in blood vessel volume and density on day 21 were found to be 1.9-and 1.6-fold greater, respectively, than values on day 0, and the increase in blood vessel density was positively related to tumor cell proliferation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Sonographic Imaging to Diagnose Lymph Node Metastasis: Importance of Blood Vessel Volume and Density

Mori

Kodama

et al. 2013

Cancer Research

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Lymph node size is an important variable in ultrasound diagnosis of lymph node metastasis. However, the size criterion often leads to oversight of tumor-positive lymph nodes within the range of "normal" size, such that more accurate diagnostic criteria for lymph node metastasis are required. In this study, we show how diagnosis of lymph node metastasis can be improved by evaluating changes in blood vessel volume and density using a novel contrast-enhanced high-frequency ultrasound (CE-HFUS) system with Sonazoid. An MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mouse model of lymph node metastasis was used in which lymph nodes are similar in size to humans. Metastasis via lymphatic vessels to proper axillary lymph nodes (proper ALN) was induced by injection of tumor cells into the subiliac lymph nodes. Within 21 days of injection, significant increases in blood vessel volume and density, but no increases in the size of the proper ALNs, were observed. The increase in blood vessel density was confirmed with immunohistochemical analysis and was positively related to tumor cell proliferation as measured using bioluminescence imaging. Together, our results showed that alterations in blood vessel volume and density precede alterations in lymph node size in the early stages of lymph node metastasis. Detection of these changes by ultrasonography may offer new criteria for early diagnosis of lymph node metastasis. Cancer Res; 73(7); 2082-92. Ó2013 AACR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Sonographic Imaging to Diagnose Lymph Node Metastasis: Importance of Blood Vessel Volume and Density

Mori

Kodama

et al. 2013

Cancer Research

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“…Ultrasound examination used to identify cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with HNC is able to detect a shift in or disappearance of the hilum of lymph nodes, an increase in size of the nodes and central necrosis (3,4). However, no specific diagnostic criteria have been established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrasonography (US) may be used to evaluate lymph nodes that are <10 mm in diameter. The clinical criteria currently being used to diagnose metastatic cervical lymph nodes by ultrasonography are an increase in nodal size and cortical thickness, a change in nodal shape, infiltration of surrounding structures, the presence of inhomogeneous internal echo patterns (including necrosis), the absence of echo-rich hilar structures and extracapsular spread (3,4). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and histopathological findings of the metastatic lymph nodes of patients with head and neck cancer: A preliminary study

et al. 2018

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The present study aimed to investigate the usefulness of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and a newly developed analysis software for the detection of microcapillary network distribution in lymph nodes of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) by comparing the CEUS and histopathological findings. Patients that were diagnosed with HNC between February and September 2016 were enrolled. A total of five patients underwent resection of the primary tumor and neck dissection as their initial treatment. The cervical lymph nodes of these patients were analyzed by CEUS intraoperatively, and their surgical specimens were examined histopathologically. The patients were diagnosed using a combination of physical examination, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography. For CEUS examination, the microbubble contrast agent Sonazoid™ was injected into a peripheral vein. Video images of the metastatic lymph nodes were captured, and these were subjected to analysis by a newly developed image-analysis software. It was possible to perform intraoperative CEUS of metastatic lymph nodes and obtain accurate matched sections for histopathological examination. Hematoxylin and eosin and cluster of differentiation (CD)34 staining revealed that the software was able to accurately detect capillary vessels in metastatic lymph nodes. However, a number of perfusion deficits were observed in these lymph nodes. In conclusion, by using CEUS with the analysis software, the density and distribution of blood vessels in the metastatic lymph nodes of patients with HNC was revealed. Although the present study was limited and preliminary, it was concluded that this method may be useful to evaluate and to map the capillary vessels in the metastatic lymph nodes of patients with HNC.

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“…• Determination of the presence of metastatic lymphadenopathy at specific levels to determine the required type of neck dissection [23][24][25] ;…”

Section: B Lymph Nodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

AIUM Practice Guideline for the Performance of Ultrasound Examinations of the Head and Neck

2014

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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The American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) is a multidisciplinary association dedicated to advancing the safe and effective use of ultrasound in medicine through professional and public education, research, development of guidelines, and accreditation. To promote this mission, the AIUM is pleased to publish, in conjunction with the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, this revised AIUM Practice Guideline for the Performance of Ultrasound Examinations of the Head and Neck. We are indebted to the many volunteers who contributed their time, knowledge, and energy to bringing this document to completion. The AIUM represents the entire range of clinical and basic science interests in medical diagnostic ultrasound, and, with hundreds of volunteers, the AIUM has promoted the safe and effective use of ultrasound in clinical medicine for more than 50 years. This document and others like it will continue to advance this mission. Practice guidelines of the AIUM are intended to provide the medical ultrasound community with guidelines for the performance and recording of high‐quality ultrasound examinations. The guidelines reflect what the AIUM considers the minimum criteria for a complete examination in each area but are not intended to establish a legal standard of care. AIUM‐accredited practices are expected to generally follow the guidelines with recognition that deviations from these guidelines will be needed in some cases, depending on patient needs and available equipment. Practices are encouraged to go beyond the guidelines to provide additional service and information as needed.

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Diagnosis of lymph node metastases of head and neck cancer and evaluation of effects of chemoradiotherapy using ultrasonography

Cited by 70 publications

References 5 publications

Enhanced Sonographic Imaging to Diagnose Lymph Node Metastasis: Importance of Blood Vessel Volume and Density

Enhanced Sonographic Imaging to Diagnose Lymph Node Metastasis: Importance of Blood Vessel Volume and Density

Association between contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and histopathological findings of the metastatic lymph nodes of patients with head and neck cancer: A preliminary study

AIUM Practice Guideline for the Performance of Ultrasound Examinations of the Head and Neck

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