Diagnosis of the human fetal age based on the development of the normal kidney

Lizardo-Daudt, Helena Maria; Edelweiss, Maria Isabel Albano; Santos, Fernanda Teixeira dos; Schumacher, Rita de Cássia Alves

doi:10.1590/s1676-24442002000200010

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Many cut section of tubules were seen in cortex by 14 The developing renal pelvis showed single layer of cells at 14 weeks in accordance with Sabita M et al 13 By 16-20 weeks showed stratification in accordance with Shallika Sharma et al 2 In the interstitial spaces, huge number of blood vessels were found showing increase in kidney's vasculature with time, in accordance with Laura Vinci et al 15 The arrangement of matured Glomeruli towards centre and immature towards periphery was in accordance with Khayati Sant Ram et al, and Maria H et al 6,17 The emphasis on genetic counseling and possibility of early prenatal diagnosis has stimulated interest in fetal kidney anatomy. 18 The current study was done on 20 fetuses (11 males and 9 females) with gestational age ranging from 14-36 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Histogenesis of human fetal kidney from 14 weeks to 36 weeks: a study

2019

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Background: The knowledge of fetal human Kidney morphology and developmental anatomy is very important for prenatal diagnosis of disorders such as Wilm’s tumor, hydronephroses and congenital malformation etc.Methods: The study was carried out on 40 kidneys procured from 20 spontaneously aborted fetuses (11males and 9 females) ranging from 14wks-36wks of gestation, after confirming their age through CRL they were grouped and then processed to form slides and stained with haemtoxylin and eosin and seen under light microscope.Results: All kidneys were lobulated at early gestational age and became fused by 36 wks. Corticomedullary junction and preformed collecting tubules were seen clearly by 18wks. Well differentiated PCT and DCT were formed by 19-23 wks. Well-formed pyramids by 28 wks and medullary rays by 29 weeks were clearly distinguished. Loop of Henle developed and distinguished by 28 wks. Increased vascularity was seen by 32-36 wks. Nephrogenic zone and undifferentiated mesenchyme decreased and matured glomeruli increased by 36 wks.Conclusions: The present study gave emphasis to the development of each component in medulla and cortex of kidney.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Histogenesis of human fetal kidney from 14 weeks to 36 weeks: a study

2019

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“…While it is difficult to estimate the gestational age on the basis of the morphology of the individual glomeruli, 47,48 waiting for a longer period after transplantation may help further maturation of induced podocytes. However, we observed an excessive growth of stromal, presumably nonrenal, cells in the transplants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Podocytes Mature into Vascularized Glomeruli upon Experimental Transplantation

Sharmin¹,

Taguchi²,

Kaku³

et al. 2015

JASN

202

214

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Glomerular podocytes express proteins, such as nephrin, that constitute the slit diaphragm, thereby contributing to the filtration process in the kidney. Glomerular development has been analyzed mainly in mice, whereas analysis of human kidney development has been minimal because of limited access to embryonic kidneys. We previously reported the induction of three-dimensional primordial glomeruli from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Here, using transcription activator-like effector nuclease-mediated homologous recombination, we generated human iPS cell lines that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the NPHS1 locus, which encodes nephrin, and we show that GFP expression facilitated accurate visualization of nephrin-positive podocyte formation in vitro. These induced human podocytes exhibited apicobasal polarity, with nephrin proteins accumulated close to the basal domain, and possessed primary processes that were connected with slit diaphragm-like structures. Microarray analysis of sorted iPS cell-derived podocytes identified well conserved marker gene expression previously shown in mouse and human podocytes in vivo. Furthermore, we developed a novel transplantation method using spacers that release the tension of host kidney capsules, thereby allowing the effective formation of glomeruli from human iPS cell-derived nephron progenitors. The human glomeruli were vascularized with the host mouse endothelial cells, and iPS cell-derived podocytes with numerous cell processes accumulated around the fenestrated endothelial cells. Therefore, the podocytes generated from iPS cells retain the podocyte-specific molecular and structural features, which will be useful for dissecting human glomerular development and diseases.

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“…Numerous factors have been identified as requisites for nephrogenesis, such as the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] , various growth factors [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] , apoptosis [25,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34] , and an adequate supply of nutrients [17, [35][36][37][38] . Around the 36th gestational week the formation of nephrons ceases [39][40][41][42] , at which time there are around 600,000-800,000 nephrons per kidney with a wide interindividual range (250,000-2,000,000) [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Intrauterine Growth Restriction for the Kidney

Schreuder

Waal

Wijk

2006

Kidney Blood Press Res

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Low birth weight due to intrauterine growth restriction is associated with various diseases in adulthood, such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and end-stage renal disease. The purpose of this review is to describe the effects of intrauterine growth restriction on the kidney. Nephrogenesis requires a fine balance of many factors that can be disturbed by intrauterine growth restriction, leading to a low nephron endowment. The compensatory hyperfiltration in the remaining nephrons results in glomerular and systemic hypertension. Hyperfiltration is attributed to several factors, including the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and nitric oxide. Data from human and animal studies are presented, and suggest a faltering IGF-I and an inhibited RAS in intrauterine growth restriction. Hyperfiltration makes the kidney more vulnerable during additional kidney disease, and is associated with glomerular damage and kidney failure in the long run. Animal studies have provided a possible therapy with blockage of the RAS at an early stage in order to prevent the compensatory glomerular hyperfiltration, but this is far from being applicable to humans. Research is needed to further unravel the effect of intrauterine growth restriction on the kidney.

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Diagnosis of the human fetal age based on the development of the normal kidney

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Histogenesis of human fetal kidney from 14 weeks to 36 weeks: a study

Histogenesis of human fetal kidney from 14 weeks to 36 weeks: a study

Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Podocytes Mature into Vascularized Glomeruli upon Experimental Transplantation

Consequences of Intrauterine Growth Restriction for the Kidney

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