Diagnosis Of The Type Of Pests Of Tusam (Pinus Merkusii Jung Et De Vriese)

Abstract

The research was carried out in the Educational Forest Area of the Department of Forestry, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Maluku in January 2018 - July 2018. The study aimed to inventory the types of pests that infest the Tusam tree (Pinus merkusii Jung et De Vriese), diagnose the symptoms of pest infestations and calculate the magnitude of the outbreak and the extent of the infestation due to Tusam pest infestations. The study used a survey method on an area of 5 ha by making ten observation lanes measuring 100 m × 10 m with 10 sample trees per path. Observations were made on the roots, stems, and leaves with the system of the compass direction. The types of pests found were Tusam Leaf Snail (Mollusca sp), Brown Fire Caterpillar (Thosea sp), Brown Butterfly (Papilio sp), Pine Woolly Aphid and Termite Queen (Mactotermes gilvus hagen). The intensity of damage due to pest infestations were Brown Fire Caterpillars (38.13%), Tusam Brown Butterflies (37, 9%), Pine Woolly Aphid (30.4%) and Termite Queen (60.53%) respectively. The extent of infestation due to the outbreak of brown fire caterpillar pests by 30.38% was classified as moderate criteria, Tusam Brown Butterflies by 29.04% was classified as reasonable criteria, Pine Woolly Aphid by 42.4% was classified as average criteria, and Termite Queen by 68% was classified as severe criteria.

Reforestation and Sustainable Management of Pinus merkusii Forest Plantation in Indonesia: A Review

“…It was the dominant species used for the rehabilitation covering more than 64% of all of the planted tree species. Planting Sumatran pine for plantation and rehabilitation purposes was not limited to Java and Sulawesi islands only but also covered other regions outside its natural habitat expanding to Sumatera island, i.e., West Sumatera [41], Riau [42], South Sumatera [43], Bengkulu [44], Jambi [45], Lampung [46], Kalimantan Island [47], Bali and Nusa Tenggara Islands [48], Moluccas [49], and also in Papua [50]. The natural and artificial distribution of Sumatran pine in Indonesia can be seen in Figure 1.…”

Evaluation of Aphid Resistance and Oleoresin Production in Indigenous Tropical Pine (Pinus merkusii Jungh. and de Vriese)

“…Aphid species P. boerneri is extensively spreading in P. merkusii stands, causing significant economic loss in numerous places across Java, Indonesia since 2004 [9][10][11]. Furthermore, this species attacks the same pine species in Kalimantan and the Maluku Islands, Indonesia [12,13]. This pest brings about foliage discoloration, biomass reduction, branch distortion, decreases in seed quality and quantity, and a decline in oleoresin production.…”