Diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy in pediatric small round cell tumors

Abstract

ObjectiveFine needle aspiration biospy (FNAB) is a simple, cost effective procedure, which can be carried out in the out-patient department. The objective of our study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy in small round cell tumors of childhood, keeping histopathology as the gold standard.ResultsOut of these 50 cases, 35 (70%) were small round cell tumors and 15 (30%) cases of other childhood malignancies and certain reactive conditions. In our study, the most common malignant small round cell tumor (SRCT) on histopathology was Wilms tumor (10 cases) followed by non Hodgkin lymphoma (9 cases). FNAB results were correlated with the histological findings and the diagnostic accuracy of SRCT came out to be 98%. The sensitivity and specificity of FNAB in diagnosing SRCT was 97% and 100% respectively. FNAB was found to be a very useful technique in the initial evaluation of any palpable lesion of childhood. Although the small round cell tumors appear cytologically similar, in the hands of experienced cytopathologists, the subtle morphological features can help towards the final diagnosis. In addition, clinical and radiological findings are invaluable assets, which help to reach the final diagnosis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3678-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Evaluation of Lymphadenopathy

“…There are diverse etiologies of enlarged lymph nodes, ranging from benign reactive lymphadenopathy (viral or bacterial infections), including tuberculosis (TB) to metastatic carcinomas and lymphomas. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) without radiological guidance is a quick, effective and relatively inexpensive technique to evaluate visibly accessible superficial masses [1][2][3]. Although the diagnostic material obtained by FNAC is considered of inferior quality than trucut/core needle biopsy, especially for the diagnosis of lymphomas, however, there are many advantages of FNAC over trucut biopsy.…”

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma Among Children: Pathological Aspects and Diagnostic Challenges

“…Fine needle biopsy is a simple, safe and reliable technique without contraindications, in the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It has been demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of this procedure was 91.4% in the study of Asim et al 11 It provides material for morphologic analysis and other ancillary studies (immunohistochemistry, genetic analysis). 11 However, when the material is limited, the accurate diagnosis becomes difficult, as it needs exhaustive IHC panel to rule out differential diagnosis.…”

“…It has been demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of this procedure was 91.4% in the study of Asim et al 11 It provides material for morphologic analysis and other ancillary studies (immunohistochemistry, genetic analysis). 11 However, when the material is limited, the accurate diagnosis becomes difficult, as it needs exhaustive IHC panel to rule out differential diagnosis. Thus, pathological material with optimal quantity and quality is mandatory to allow performing all the required tests for the diagnosis.…”

Pediatric fine-needle aspiration cytology: An audit of 266 cases of pediatric tumors with cytologic-histologic correlation

“…With increasing availability and improving efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs leading to changing role of pre-operative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, accurate cytologic sub-typing of tumors provides an opportunity to the clinician in achieving effective tumor response. [ 15 ] However, there still would be a fraction of cases that would not be amenable to sub-typing on cytology and this should be kept in mind by both the cytopathologist and the referring clinicians.…”