Diagnostic Accuracy of Liquid Biomarkers for Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Detection: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Meta-analysis of Multiple Thresholds

Kawada, Tatsushi; Shim, Sung Ryul; Quhal, Fahad; Rajwa, Pawel; Pradere, Benjamin; Yanagisawa, Takafumi; Bekku, Kensuke; Laukhtina, Ekaterina; von Deimling, Markus; Teoh, Jeremy Yuen-Chun; Karakiewicz, Pierre I.; Araki, Motoo; Shariat, Shahrokh F.

doi:10.1016/j.euo.2023.10.029

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…However, this study clearly shows that the 19BM is robust and consistent as it maintained its accuracy in clinical cohorts with different prevalence and diagnosis approaches. An indirect comparison with other urine biomarkers show at least the same or best performance considering and interval AUC for some of them such as Select MdX 21 or PCA3 (0.76 and 0.73, respectively), with the advantage of urine collecting with no manipulation 24 .…”

Section: Added Value: Integration Of 19-bm With Mrimentioning

confidence: 84%

Validation of a urine- based proteomics test to predict clinically significant prostate cancer: complementing MRI pathway

Frantzi,

Morillo,

Lendinez

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men. One major clinical need is to accurately predict clinically significant PCa (csPCa). A proteomics based 19-biomarker model (19-BM) was previously developed using Capillary Electrophoresis -Mass Spectrometry (CE-MS) and validated in 1000 patients at risk for PCa. Here, our objective was to validate 19-BM in a multicentre prospective cohort of 101 biopsy-naive patients using current diagnostic pathways. Materials and Methods: Urine samples from 101 PCa patients were analysed through CE-MS. All patients underwent MRI using a 3-T system. The 19-BM score was estimated via a support vector machine-based software (MosaCluster; v1.7.0), employing previously established cut-off criterion of -0.07. Previously developed diagnostic nomograms were calculated along with MRI. Results: Independent validation of the 19-BM yielded a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 85% (AUC:0.81). This performance surpasses that of PSA (AUC:0.56), and PSA density (AUC:0.69). For PI-RADS≤ 3 patients, the 19-BM showed a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 88%. Integrating the 19-BM with MRI resulted in significantly better accuracy (AUC:0.90) compared to the individual investigations alone (AUC19BM=0.81; p=0.004 and AUCMRI:0.79; p=0.001). Examining the decision curve analysis, the 19-BM with MRI surpassed other approaches for the prevailing risk interval from 30% cut-off. Conclusions: 19-BM exhibited favourable reproducibility for prediction of csPCa. In PI-RADS≤3 patients the 19-BM correctly classified 88% of the patients with insignificant PCa at the cost of one csPCa patient that was missed. Utilising 19-BM test could prove valuable complementing MRI and reducing the need for unnecessary biopsies.

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Section: Added Value: Integration Of 19-bm With Mrimentioning

confidence: 84%

Validation of a urine- based proteomics test to predict clinically significant prostate cancer: complementing MRI pathway

Frantzi,

Morillo,

Lendinez

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…hK2 is mainly secreted by prostate epithelial cells and is present in blood, semen and urine. The 4K score provides an individualized prediction of prostate cancer without taking into account previously performed screening or biopsy, providing important information for clinical decision-making[ 7 , 8 ]. However, due to unsatisfactory diagnostic efficiency[ 9 ] or high cost of detection[ 10 ], This study took primary hospitals as the research object, and did not carry out p2PSA, hK2 and complete PSA related indicators, so hK2 and 4K scores are difficult to promote clinical application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate cancer with elevated free prostate-specific antigen density: A case report

Huang,

Hu,

Guo

et al. 2024

World J Clin Cases

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BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men worldwide, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is often used in clinical practice to screen for prostate cancer. Normal total PSA (tPSA) level initially excludes prostate cancer. Here, we report a case of prostate cancer with elevated free PSA density (fPSAD). CASE SUMMARY A patient diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia underwent prostatectomy, and the postoperative pathological results showed acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The patient is currently undergoing endocrine chemotherapy. CONCLUSION We provide a clinical reference for diagnosis and treatment of patients with normal tPSA but elevated fPSAD.

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“…Although reports show that around 30-60% of PDAC patients have elevated CEA [45], this biomarker has a dismal sensitivity of 25-54% and specificities of 75-91%, which is relatively low for practical use in clinics [46]. To enhance the accuracy and reliability of early diagnosis, many researchers are now focusing on combining CA19-9 and/or CEA with additional factors to create comprehensive panels of biomarkers [47][48][49][50].…”

Section: Traditional Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted Nanoparticle-Based Diagnostic and Treatment Options for Pancreatic Cancer

Gu,

Minko

2024

Cancers

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), one of the deadliest cancers, presents significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its aggressive, metastatic nature and lack of early detection methods. A key obstacle in PDAC treatment is the highly complex tumor environment characterized by dense stroma surrounding the tumor, which hinders effective drug delivery. Nanotechnology can offer innovative solutions to these challenges, particularly in creating novel drug delivery systems for existing anticancer drugs for PDAC, such as gemcitabine and paclitaxel. By using customization methods such as incorporating conjugated targeting ligands, tumor-penetrating peptides, and therapeutic nucleic acids, these nanoparticle-based systems enhance drug solubility, extend circulation time, improve tumor targeting, and control drug release, thereby minimizing side effects and toxicity in healthy tissues. Moreover, nanoparticles have also shown potential in precise diagnostic methods for PDAC. This literature review will delve into targeted mechanisms, pathways, and approaches in treating pancreatic cancer. Additional emphasis is placed on the study of nanoparticle-based delivery systems, with a brief mention of those in clinical trials. Overall, the overview illustrates the significant advances in nanomedicine, underscoring its role in transcending the constraints of conventional PDAC therapies and diagnostics.

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Diagnostic Accuracy of Liquid Biomarkers for Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Detection: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Meta-analysis of Multiple Thresholds

Cited by 7 publications

References 61 publications

Validation of a urine- based proteomics test to predict clinically significant prostate cancer: complementing MRI pathway

Validation of a urine- based proteomics test to predict clinically significant prostate cancer: complementing MRI pathway

Prostate cancer with elevated free prostate-specific antigen density: A case report

Targeted Nanoparticle-Based Diagnostic and Treatment Options for Pancreatic Cancer

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