1995
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.152.8.1228
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV)

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Cited by 319 publications
(154 citation statements)
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“…The diagnosis of GTS was conducted by two independent psychiatrists based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV, American Psychiatric Association, 1994) [22], and diagnostic criteria of mental disorders (CCMD-3, Chinese Society of Psychiatry, 2001) [23] with ADHD, OCD and learning disorder. The children with organic brain disorder, severe physical ailments, or mental retardation were excluded in this study.…”
Section: Subjectsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The diagnosis of GTS was conducted by two independent psychiatrists based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV, American Psychiatric Association, 1994) [22], and diagnostic criteria of mental disorders (CCMD-3, Chinese Society of Psychiatry, 2001) [23] with ADHD, OCD and learning disorder. The children with organic brain disorder, severe physical ailments, or mental retardation were excluded in this study.…”
Section: Subjectsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Seventeen studies (n = 465) assessed cue reactivity after virtual nicotine-related cues in adult smokers. Nicotine addiction criteria were reported in 13 studies, using DSM 4 (Guze, 1995) and/or Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence criteria (Heatherton et al, 1991). Dependence severity was disparate across 8 studies, ranging from low to high (Lee et al, 2003(Lee et al, , 2005Traylor et al, 2008Traylor et al, , 2009Traylor et al, , 2011Acker and MacKillop, 2013;Gamito et al, 2014;Thompson-Lake et al, 2015).…”
Section: Nicotinementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known as a complex developmental disability, characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts, restricted interests and repetitive patterns of behavior, or activities (Guze, 1995). According to a new government survey, it shows 1 in 45 children (ages 3 to 17) are diagnosed with ASD, by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%