Diagnostic Classification of Persistent Rhinitis and Its Relationship to Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Asthma

Rolla, Giovanni; Guida, Giuseppe; Heffler, Enrico; Badiu, Iuliana; Bommarito, Luisa; Stefani, A. De; Usai, Antonio; Cosseddu, Domenico; Nebiolo, Franco; Bucca, Caterina

doi:10.1378/chest.06-2618

Cited by 67 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Measuring fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a validated inflammatory marker in the diagnosis and management of patients with asthma, atopy, and allergic rhinitis (AR). [1][2][3] It is a useful, reproducible, noninvasive tool and easy to perform in a short time. However, interpretation is usually difficult because of interfering factors such as height, age, gender, lung function, smoking, and respiratory tract infections.…”

Section: T He Magnitude Of Nitric Oxide (No) Concentration In Exhaledmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Orally Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Allergic versus Nonallergic Rhinitis

2012

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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Section: T He Magnitude Of Nitric Oxide (No) Concentration In Exhaledmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Orally Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Allergic versus Nonallergic Rhinitis

2012

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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“…Allergic rhinitis is often associated with asthma and a global perspective is needed (46,47). In some studies, it has been found that NAR is also associated with asthma (7,14,48). However, the importance of the association between the two sites of the airways needs to be better assessed comparing allergic and nonallergic patients, particularly in patients with uncontrolled asthma (49,50).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA²LEN paper

Bousquet

Fokkens

Burney

et al. 2008

Allergy

170

148

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Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA 2 LEN paper Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) can be defined as a chronic nasal inflammation which is not caused by systemic IgE-dependent mechanisms. It is common and probably affects far more than 200 million people worldwide. Both children and adults are affected. However, its exact prevalence is unknown and its phenotypes need to be evaluated using appropriate methods to better understand its pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. It is important to differentiate between infectious rhinitis, allergic/NAR and chronic rhinosinusitis, as management differs for each of these cases. Characterization of the phenotype, mechanisms and management of NAR represents one of the major unmet needs in allergic and nonallergic diseases. Studies on children and adults are required in order to appreciate the prevalence, phenotype, severity and co-morbidities of NAR. These studies should compare allergic and NAR and consider different age group populations including elderly subjects. Mechanistic studies should be carried out to better understand the disease(s) and risk factors and to guide towards an improved diagnosis and therapy. These studies need to take the heterogeneity of NAR into account. It is likely that neuronal mechanisms, T cells, innate immunity and possibly auto-immune responses all play a role in NAR and may also contribute to the symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

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“…Measurement of the fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), a reliable noninvasive marker of airway inflammation [8,9,10,11] which has become a clinical routine [12,13,14] in asthmatic patients, has provided conflicting results in patients with asthma when categorized by BMI. As compared with normal weight patients, obese asthmatic patients showed lower [15,16] or similar [17,18] FeNO values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overweight is Associated with Airflow Obstruction and Poor Disease Control but Not with Exhaled Nitric Oxide Change in an Asthmatic Population

Pisi¹,

Aiello²,

Tzani³

et al. 2012

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Background: The role of an elevated body mass index (BMI) in asthma remains controversial. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between overweight (BMI >25 and ≤30), lung function, disease control, and airway inflammation in an asthmatic population. Methods: We consecutively studied 348 patients (age 43 ± 16 years; 211 females). In all patients, BMI, spirometry, the Asthma Control Test (ACT), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO; ppb) were measured. Results: One hundred forty-five patients were overweight and, as compared to those with normal BMI, had lower values of FVC, FEV₁, and FEV₁/FVC and of FEF_25–75 even when normalized for FVC (p < 0.05 for each comparison). The ratio between the number of patients with well-controlled asthma (ACT ≥20) and that of patients with poorly controlled asthma (ACT < 20) was significantly lower in overweight patients (1.07 vs. 1.84; χ² = 6.030, p < 0.01). In overweight patients, the odds ratio of uncontrolled asthma expressed by logistic regression analysis was 1.632 (95% CI = 1.043–2.553), independently of gender, atopy, smoking habit, and inhaled steroid therapy. No difference was observed in FeNO values between overweight and normal weight patients (27.7 ± 2.3 vs. 27.9 ± 2.2 ppb). Conclusions: Our results show that, in an asthmatic population, overweight is associated with airflow obstruction and poor disease control but not with FeNO change. The findings of the present study support the view that other factors besides airway inflammation alone may explain the relationship between asthma and an elevated BMI.

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Diagnostic Classification of Persistent Rhinitis and Its Relationship to Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Asthma

Cited by 67 publications

References 28 publications

Comparison of Orally Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Allergic versus Nonallergic Rhinitis

Comparison of Orally Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Allergic versus Nonallergic Rhinitis

Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA²LEN paper

Overweight is Associated with Airflow Obstruction and Poor Disease Control but Not with Exhaled Nitric Oxide Change in an Asthmatic Population

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Diagnostic Classification of Persistent Rhinitis and Its Relationship to Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Asthma

Cited by 67 publications

References 28 publications

Comparison of Orally Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Allergic versus Nonallergic Rhinitis

Comparison of Orally Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Allergic versus Nonallergic Rhinitis

Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA2LEN paper

Overweight is Associated with Airflow Obstruction and Poor Disease Control but Not with Exhaled Nitric Oxide Change in an Asthmatic Population

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Product

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Important research questions in allergy and related diseases: nonallergic rhinitis: a GA²LEN paper