Diagnostic examination of thermally abused high-power lithium-ion cells

Abraham, Daniel P.; Roth, E.P.; Kostecki, Robert; McCarthy, K.A.; MacLaren, Scott; Doughty, D.H.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.04.088

Cited by 228 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Therefore, three stages were observed in the thermal runaway tests, which, according to the literature [1][2][3], were assigned according to:…”

Section: Results For 18650 Cells With Limn2o4 Cathode By Using Differmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) At T > T 1 , the solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) decomposes in an exothermic reaction; (2) At T > T 2 , an exothermic reaction between the intercalated Li-ions and the electrolyte starts; (3) At T > T 3 , an exothermic reaction between the positive material and the electrolyte takes place with the evolution of oxygen inside the cell; (4) At T > T 4 , the electrolyte decomposes. .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental Analysis of Thermal Runaway in 18650 Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells Using an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In this work, commercial 18650 lithium-ion cells with LiMn 2 O 4 , LiFePO 4 , and Li(Ni 0.33 Mn 0.33 Co 0.33 )O 2 cathodes were exposed to external heating in an accelerating rate calorimeter (es-ARC, Thermal Hazard Technology (THT), Bletchley, UK), to investigate the thermal behavior under abuse conditions. New procedures for measuring the external and internal pressure change of cells were developed. The external pressure was measured utilizing a gas-tight cylinder inside the calorimeter chamber, in order to detect the venting of the cells. For internal pressure measurements, a pressure line connected to a pressure transducer was directly inserted into the cell. During the thermal runaway experiments, three stages (low rate, medium rate, and high rate reactions) were observed. Both the pressure and temperature change indicated different stages of exothermic reactions, which produced gases or/and heat. The onset temperature of the thermal runaway was estimated according to the temperature and pressure changes. Moreover, the different activation energies for the exothermic reactions could be derived from Arrhenius plots.

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“…Therefore, three stages were observed in the thermal runaway tests, which, according to the literature [1][2][3], were assigned according to:…”

Section: Results For 18650 Cells With Limn2o4 Cathode By Using Differmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of Thermal Runaway in 18650 Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells Using an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter

et al. 2017

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“…However, commercial lithium batteries are affected by safety issues, especially when up-scaled, due to the volatile and flammable organic electrolyte solvents (mainly alkyl carbonates) [29][30][31][32], this preventing so far their large diffusion in automotive and stationary applications. In the last years, RTILs have been widely investigated as safe electrolyte components to replace the hazardous alkyl carbonates [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

About the Purification Route of Ionic Liquid Precursors

Francesco¹,

Simonetti²,

Gorgi³

et al. 2017

Challenges

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Abstract:In this work a purification route of precursors for ionic liquids tailored to electrochemical energy storage systems is reported and described. The study was carried out on the N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bromide (PYR 14 Br) precursor, which represents the intermediate product of the synthesis process of the N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PYR 14 TFSI) hydrophobic ionic liquid. The target is to develop an easy and cost-effective approach for efficiently purifying several kinds of ionic liquid precursors and determining their purity content. The PYR 14 Br precursor was synthesized through an eco-friendly preparation procedure, which requires water as the only processing solvent, and purified through sorbent materials, such as activated charcoal and alumina. The effect of the treatment/nature/content of sorbents and processing temperature/time was investigated. The impurity content was detected by UV-VIS spectrophotometry measurements. Additionally, a correlation between the measured absorbance and the content of impurities within the precursor was obtained. The purity level of the precursor was seen to play a key role in the electrochemical performance of the ionic liquids.

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“…Hence, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 consisting of a spinel structure has been expected for not changing the structure or size by intercalating the lithium ion [2] [3]. Furthermore, it is superior to the graphite in stability of charge capacitance under a high temperature or fast charge-discharge cycle [4]- [6]. On the other hand, an electrical conductivity is low like an insulator, and effects of a carbon doping or metal ions by adding V 5+ , Mn 4+ , Fe 3+ , Mg 2+ and Ag + have been investigated for the higher conductivity [7]- [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Li4Ti5O12 Synthesis with High Specific Surface Area and Single Phase

Ohtake¹,

Iijima²

2015

MSCE

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We have investigated a novel Li4Ti5O12 synthesis with high specific surface area, high crystallization and single phase and its mechanism. The method was performed with a solid phase synthesis by using CH3COOLi•2H2O and anatase TiO2 via Li2TiO3 as an intermediate in pre-sintering at 500˚C and sintering at 750˚C. This result showed specific surface area of 12 m 2 /g and single phaseLi4Ti5O12 by applying the high specific surface anatase TiO2 as a precursor.

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Diagnostic examination of thermally abused high-power lithium-ion cells

Cited by 228 publications

References 23 publications

Experimental Analysis of Thermal Runaway in 18650 Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells Using an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter

Experimental Analysis of Thermal Runaway in 18650 Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells Using an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter

About the Purification Route of Ionic Liquid Precursors

Li<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> Synthesis with High Specific Surface Area and Single Phase

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Diagnostic examination of thermally abused high-power lithium-ion cells

Cited by 228 publications

References 23 publications

Experimental Analysis of Thermal Runaway in 18650 Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells Using an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter

Experimental Analysis of Thermal Runaway in 18650 Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells Using an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter

About the Purification Route of Ionic Liquid Precursors

Li&lt;SUB&gt;4&lt;/SUB&gt;Ti&lt;SUB&gt;5&lt;/SUB&gt;O&lt;SUB&gt;12&lt;/SUB&gt; Synthesis with High Specific Surface Area and Single Phase

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Li<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> Synthesis with High Specific Surface Area and Single Phase