Diagnostic Imaging of Patients in a Memory Clinic: Comparison of MR Imaging and 64–Detector Row CT

Wattjes, Mike P.; Henneman, Wouter J.P.; Flier, Wiesje M. van der; Vries, Oscar de; Träber, Frank; Geurts, Jeroen J. G.; Scheltens, Philip; Vrenken, Hugo; Barkhof, Frederik

doi:10.1148/radiol.2531082262

Cited by 124 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…CT is more severely affected by beam hardening artifacts, which is particularly severe in the region of the medial temporal lobe. 35 However, CT is comparable to MRI in detecting brain atrophy 35,36 and may be more suitable than MRI for the elderly, as it is less sensitive to motion artifacts. CT is also the most used brain imaging tool worldwide.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A population-based study on the influence of brain atrophy on 20-year survival after age 85

Olesen¹,

Guo²,

Gustafson³

et al. 2011

Neurology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A population-based study on the influence of brain atrophy on 20-year survival after age 85

Olesen¹,

Guo²,

Gustafson³

et al. 2011

Neurology

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“…Seven predefined measures were obtained from the scans: (1) total volume of white matter hyperintensities, calculated from hand-drawn regions of interest on a high-resolution 3D fluidattenuated inversion recovery sequence [21]; (2) N-acetylaspartate to choline ratio (NAA/Cho); (3) N-acetylaspartate to creatine ratio (NAA/Cr); and (4) Myo-inositol to creatine ratio of the left basal ganglia, as found using the MRS data of a single voxel [22]. Finally, (5) global cortical atrophy score (GCA) [23], (6) medial temporal lobe atrophy score [23], and the (7) Bicaudate index, defined as the ratio of width of both lateral ventricles at the level of the caudate nucleus to the distance between outer tables of skull at the same level [24]. Scans were analyzed by individuals who were blinded to the participants' treatment allocation.…”

Section: Neuroimaging Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Function and Neuroimaging Markers in Virologically Suppressed HIV-positive Patients Randomized to Ritonavir-boosted Protease Inhibitor Monotherapy or Standard Combination ART: A Cross-sectional Substudy From the PIVOT Trial

Arenas‐Pinto

Stöhr

Jäger³

et al. 2016

Clin Infect Dis.

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Background. To determine whether treatment with ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI) monotherapy is associated with detrimental effects on neurocognitive function or brain imaging markers compared to standard antiretroviral therapy (ART).Methods. Neuropsychological assessment and brain magnetic resonance imaging were performed at the last study visit in a subset of participants randomized to PI monotherapy (PI-mono group) or ongoing triple ART (OT group) in the PIVOT trial. We calculated a global z-score (NPZ-7) from the average of the individual test z-scores and the proportion of participants with symptomatic neurocognitive impairment (score >1 standard deviation below normative means in ≥2 cognitive domains and neurocognitive symptoms). In a subgroup, white matter hyperintensities, bicaudate index, global cortical (GCA) and medial temporal lobe atrophy scores and single voxel (basal ganglia) N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/Choline, NAA/Creatine and myo-inositol/Creatine ratios were measured.Results. 146 participants (75 PI-mono) had neurocognitive testing (median time after randomization 3.8 years), of whom 78 were imaged. We found no difference between arms in NPZ-7 score (median −0.4 (interquartile range [IQR] = −0.7; 0.1) vs −0.3 (IQR = −0.7; 0.3) for the PI-mono and OT groups respectively, P = .28), the proportion with symptomatic neurocognitive impairment (13% and 18% in the PI-mono and OT groups respectively; P = .41), or any of the neuroimaging variables (P > .05). Symptomatic neurocognitive impairment was associated with higher GCA score (OR = 6.2 per additional score; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-22.3 P = .005) but no other imaging variables.Conclusions. Based on a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and brain imaging, PI monotherapy does not increase the risk of neurocognitive impairment in stable human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.

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“…There is very good agreement between brain atrophy and presence of moderate-severe white matter lesions on CT and MRI measures [9,10].…”

Section: Imaging Of Morphologic Substratesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Imaging Morphologic Substrates and Molecular Changes for Differential Diagnosis of Vascular Dementia

Heiss¹

2017

J Syst Integr Neurosci

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The differential diagnosis of dementias is based on symptoms of cognitive and memory impairment and is supported by results of neuropsychological tests and of imaging. Whereas computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are able to detect morphologic substrates of vascular dementias as multi-infarct syndroms, large vessel and critically located strokes, small vessel disease and hemorrhages, these modalities cannot determine molecular causes and functional consequences of the underlying pathologies. Positron emission tomography allows imaging of the localized and/or diffuse metabolic and molecular disturbances responsible for cognitive impairment and dementia, and is effective in differentiating vascular from degenerative dementia, as Alzheimer's disease. Imaging of neurotransmitters and of pathologically accumulated proteins as well as of inflammation additionally yields insight into disease specific pathophysiology. Despite that the broad clinical application of PET is limited, this technology has a great impact on research in dementia.

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Diagnostic Imaging of Patients in a Memory Clinic: Comparison of MR Imaging and 64–Detector Row CT

Abstract: Use of 64-detector row brain CT yields reliable information that is comparable with that obtained with MR imaging. Thus, multidetector row CT is a suitable diagnostic imaging tool in a memory clinic setting.

Cited by 124 publications

References 26 publications

A population-based study on the influence of brain atrophy on 20-year survival after age 85

A population-based study on the influence of brain atrophy on 20-year survival after age 85

Neurocognitive Function and Neuroimaging Markers in Virologically Suppressed HIV-positive Patients Randomized to Ritonavir-boosted Protease Inhibitor Monotherapy or Standard Combination ART: A Cross-sectional Substudy From the PIVOT Trial

Imaging Morphologic Substrates and Molecular Changes for Differential Diagnosis of Vascular Dementia

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