Diagnostic Implications of WISC Scores: A Reanalysis

Winne, John F.; Schoonover, Sarah M.

doi:10.2466/pr0.1972.30.3.823

Cited by 4 publications

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“…There is no evidence of reliab!e sex or diagnostic differences in these correlations.As part of a larger study by Schoonover and Hertel (1970), later reanalyzed by Winne and Schoonover (1972), correlations between Digit Span scaled scores and other WISC variables were obtained for each of nine clinical groups and the total sample, to determine whether the pattern of correlacions was characteristically different for each clinical group. The sample consisted of 231 males and 93 females; N for the individual samples ranged from 7 to 50.…”

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Diagnostic Implications of Wisc Digit Span Scores

Schoonover

Winne²

1975

Psychol Rep

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Some meaningful (significantly different from zero) correlations between Digit Span and other WISC variables were obtained for a sample of 324 children in 7 diagnostic groups. There is no evidence of reliab!e sex or diagnostic differences in these correlations.As part of a larger study by Schoonover and Hertel (1970), later reanalyzed by Winne and Schoonover (1972), correlations between Digit Span scaled scores and other WISC variables were obtained for each of nine clinical groups and the total sample, to determine whether the pattern of correlacions was characteristically different for each clinical group. The sample consisted of 231 males and 93 females; N for the individual samples ranged from 7 to 50. A complete description of the sample is given in the report by Schoonover and Hertel ( 1970). Table 1 gives the maximum N and obtained correlations for the two sexes and the combined groups.? Correlations that are significantly different from zero as ascertained from tables prepared by Sockloff and Edney (1972) are indicated by an asterisk. All correlations for the total male, total female, and combined sample are significant but the correlations developed for the individual diagnostic groups are generally not significantly different from zero. The single exception is the male chronic brain-syndrome sample; this group yielded significant correlacions becween Digit Span and all other WISC variables except Picture Completion.Each of the 130 pairs of correlations for males and females was tested by Fisher's z-transformation to determine whether there were significant sex differences (Walker & Lev, 1953, pp. 253-254). Three critical ratios were significant at the 1% level and six at the 5% level. In most instances, significant differences were found when the correlation for one sex was non-zero while the corresponding correlation for the other sex was not significantly different from zero.Finally, h e data from the combined samples were tested with the z-transformation to determine if there were differences among the clinical groups. Of 'All correlations and statistical tests were performed on the WANG 700-C Programming Calculator using programs developed by the second author. Requests for reprints should be sent to the first auchor. Tabled significances of differences for all comparisons may be found in Document NAPS-02512. Order from Microfiche Publications, 440 Park Ave. S., New York, N. Y. 10016. Remit $1.50 for microfiche or $5.00 for photocopy. 'One male psychoneurotic was not given the Coding test so the N for this correlation is 42. Vocabulary was not given to 33 males or 11 females so correlations are generally based on fewer Ss than those for ocher subtests.

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Diagnostic Implications of Wisc Digit Span Scores

Schoonover

Winne²

1975

Psychol Rep

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An introduction to the personality assessment system

Winne

Gittinger

1973

J. Community Psychol.

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This introduction describes a thcory of personality originally formulated by John W. Gittinger and indicates how his theory can be applied to the understanding of personality development and to the prrdiction of behavior. One of the major strengths of Gittinger's approach is that it permits predictions based on readily obtainable behavioral or psychological test data. His formulations also have a number of other advantages from both the pr:tcticnl and the theoretical points of view.From the viewpoint of practical application, the way in which the theory orders data permits comparatively specific predictions concerning behavior and experience. With regard to behavior, the Personality Assessment System (PAS) : (a) Indicates the kinds of internal and external cues to which the individual is most likely to respond; (b) suggests the types of stimuli that are most likely to produce behavioral change; (c) provides an understanding of the inter-, intra-, and impersonal environments in which a person is most likely to function efficiently; and (d) offers insight into what constitutes stress and predicts probable behavioral response to such stress, including maladjustments, should they occur.In the area of experience, the PAS offers a method for obtaining specific clues to personality structure and functioning. Thus, the PAS: (a) allows for direct inferences concerning an individual's primary response style; (b) suggests the quality of the compensations and modifications he has achieved in response to social and environmental pressures ; (c) provides an understanding of personality development in terms of thr interaction of primary structure, environmental pressures, and adaptive tendencies; (d) offers a procedure for evaluating the surface or contact personality developed over time; and (e) makes possible the assessment of the fundamental discrepancies between the surface personality and the underlying personality structure-discrepancies that typically produce tension, conflict and anxiety.PAS thus provides insights contributing to clinical practice in that a distinctive pattern of strengths and weaknesses can be derived for each person. At the same time, the system allows objective comparisons among the personality features of different Ss and groups, thereby offering a suitable framework for behavioral research and permitting definitive investigations into personality structure and function.Krauskopf and D a v i~( 3~. pp This theory is the result of a long term effort of several people but (is) primarily the insight of one man. . . . Anyone who has worked in applied psychology has met insightful, sensitive clinicians. Some seem to be nearly magical point out: *The authors thank Walter P. Pasternak for his editorial assistance in the preparation of this pa er. Drs. Dennis J. Nauman and Marshall N. Ileyman of Psychological Assessment Associates, E&ard V. Malcom, formerly VA Hospital T o y Maine, Charles J. Krauskopf, University of Missouri at Columbia, and David H. Saunders, niversity of Colorado, have also made valuable ...

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1983

The Wechsler Enterprise

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Diagnostic Implications of WISC Scores: A Reanalysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Diagnostic Implications of Wisc Digit Span Scores

Diagnostic Implications of Wisc Digit Span Scores

An introduction to the personality assessment system

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