Diagnostic indicators for shipboard systems using non-intrusive load monitoring

Abstract

Field studies have demonstrated that the Non-Intrusive Load monitor (NILM) can provide real-time indication of the condition of electro-mechanical systems on board naval vessels. Results from data collected from engineering systems on board USCGC SENECA , a 270-foot U.S. Coast Guard cutter, indicate that the NILM can effectively identify faults, failures and deviations from normal operating conditions on numerous shipboard engineering systems.Data collected from the sewage system identified metrics that can be applied, for example, to cycling systems (high pressure air, hydraulic systems, etc.) to differentiate between periods of heavy usage and fault conditions. Sewage system variability and randomness was minimized by employing a MATLAB simulation designed to permit exploration of system behavior that might not have been exposed during other conditions. Simulation data suggests that the presence, location and magnitude of a spike in the pump run distribution indicated the presence of a leak. Data from the actual shipboard system, when subjected to a quantifiable leak, displayed the same behavior.Data collected from the Auxiliary Seawater (ASW) System indicated that the NILM is able to predict the failure of a flexible coupling linking the pump and motor components. The ASW motor-pump system was modeled using a 5 th order induction motor simulation to explore the electro-mechanical relationships between the motor, coupling and pump. Changes to the mechanical parameters of the coupling were captured in the electrical signature of the motor in both the simulation and shipboard data.Frequency domain analysis of the ASW System data also suggested that the clogging of a heat exchanger on a critical shipboard system can be identified with the NILM, although the extent of diagnosis is dependent on the system flow patterns. Further development of hardware and software, along with continued research into the behavior of shipboard systems, will allow the NILM to augment existing monitoring systems and potentially serve as a stand-alone indicator of critical system performance.

Using the Non-Intrusive Load Monitor for Shipboard Supervisory Control

“…This software unit assesses load status using any required combination of current data, voltage data, spectral envelopes, and load operating schedules [11]. The successful application of this module has been demonstrated in numerous publications [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [13], [16], [18], [19], [20]. Shipboard applications are highlighted in [1], [2], [3], [4], and [5].…”

“…An important function of these NILMs is to evaluate the status of the loads. NILMbased diagnostic methods that can be applied to these loads are described in several publications [1], [2], [3], [13], [18].…”

“…The NILM, which measures the current and voltage at one or more central locations in a power-distribution network, can determine both the operating schedule and the operational status of each of the major loads in an engineering plant [4], [12], [13]. In many cases the NILM can also use its electrical data to assess the status of certain mechanical elements such as air filters and components in fluid power systems [1], [2], [3]. Because a NILM-based monitor greatly reduces the number of required sensors, it can decrease costs and increase the effectiveness of organizationallevel maintenance.…”

Fault detection and diagnostics for non-intrusive monitoring using motor harmonics

“…The non-intrusive load monitor has been demonstrated [25][26][27][28] as an effective tool for evaluating and monitoring electromechanical systems through analysis of electrical power data. The power distribution network can be pressed into "dualuse" service, providing not only power distribution but also a diagnostic monitoring capability based on observations of the way in which loads draw power from the distribution service.…”

On Privacy-Preserving Protocols for Smart Metering Systems

“…The disaggregation of such measurement can be done with a tech-3 nique called Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) [WZ12], which can be used to infer private information of inhabitants. Nevertheless, NILM has a wide range of applications, including the shipping industry [DCLPMLG05]. The technique is still in development, but one can already find an open source toolkit for NILM [BKPDKRSS14].…”