Diagnostic Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Assay Versus Ziehl-Neelsen Method for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Taddese, Boja Dufera; Desalegn, Daniel Melese; Misganaw, Abay Sisay; Kitila, Kumera Terfa; Hailu, Tinsae Kidanemariam; Bika, Abraham Tesfaye

doi:10.2174/1874285801812010390

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Presumptive TB cases diagnosed with GeneXpert had 4.78 odds of being TB positive compared to those that were diagnosed by microscopy. This finding was consistent with the previous studies performed on the advanced diagnostic performance of the GeneXpert system over smear microscopy that revealed a higher TB case detection [18,[22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 93%

Impact of the use of GeneXpert on TB diagnosis and anti-TB treatment outcome at health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in the post-millennium development years

Getahun,

Layland,

Hoerauf

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Background GeneXpert is an effective and rapid molecular system used for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. It is expected to improve the detection rate and treatment outcomes needed to meet the sustainable development goals (SDG) and End TB strategy targets set for 2030. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of GeneXpert on diagnosis and anti-TB treatment outcomes in the post-millennium development goals (MDGs) in the capital city of Ethiopia. Hence, the global priority indicator based on the End TB Strategy for TB treatment success rate was met early in 2018 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, which was anticipated to be met by 2025. Methods A retrospective health facilities-based study was conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Records of all TB cases diagnosed and treated in selected health facilities from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2018 were reviewed and included in the study. Data analysis of descriptive and inferential statistics was conducted using SPSS version 20. Results The reviewed records have shown that a total of 45,158 presumptive pulmonary TB (PTB) cases had accessed TB diagnosis services. Of which, 28.9% (13072/45158) were tested by AFB microscopy and 71.1% (32086/45158) were tested by GeneXpert. During the study period, the coverage of Xpert MTB/RIF testing increased to 94.9% in 2018 compared to 1.6% in 2015. The number of presumptive PTB cases tested with the GeneXpert system showed a significant increase compared to smear microscopy. The odds of positivity were detected in males compared to females. The odds of detecting TB cases were much higher among study participants aged 15–44 years compared to younger than 15 years. Treatment success rate showed a relative improvement each year between 2015 and 2018 with a mean of 92.6%. Reduced odds of treatment successes were observed in age categories older than 35 years, and in TB/HIV co-infected patients. Increased odds of treatment successes were reported in the years between 2016 and 2018 compared to 2015. Conclusion Scaling up the Xpert MTB/RIF assay as a point-of-care test for presumptive TB cases in resource-limited settings would have a significant impact to meet the SDG and End TB strategy both in TB detection and treatment success rates.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 93%

Impact of the use of GeneXpert on TB diagnosis and anti-TB treatment outcome at health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in the post-millennium development years

Getahun,

Layland,

Hoerauf

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…10 In this study, GeneXpert showed higher sensitivity of 88.89%, which was similar to the sensitivity of GeneXpert in a study done in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Taddesse et al, 2018). 11 GeneXpert and AFB microscopy share almost same specificity but sensitivity of GeneXpert is much higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Performance of acid fast techniques and genexpert in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in Uasin Gishu county health facilities, Kenya

Sawe

Kiprono²,

Were³

2021

IJMMTD

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Tuberculosis is one of the major causes of death worldwide, millions of people have been infected with pulmonary tuberculosis and over 95% of tuberculosis deaths occur in low and middle income countries as per World Health Organization report. The study assessed the performance of Ziehl Neelsen technique and GeneXpert used for diagnosis of Pulmonary tuberculosis in Uasin Gishu county health facilities, Kenya, between November 2019 and February 2020. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three selected health facilities and a total of 104 participants were enrolled into the study. Sputum samples from suspected tuberculosis patients were tested using Ziehl Neelsen technique, GeneXpert and culture method was used as gold standard. Performance of the tests was done by considering their sensitivity, specificity, predictive values. The results indicated that among the 104 sputum samples tested Ziehl Neelseen technique used detected 23(22.1%) bacilli from spot samples and 33(31.7%) bacilli from morning sputum samples. GeneXpert test detected 49 (47.1%) bacilli. The results also revealed that there was significant difference between Ziehl Neelsen technique using spot samples and GeneXpert and culture test (p-value< 0.05) and Ziehl Neelsen technique using morning test done with culture test had no significant difference (p-value>0.05). Performance of tests should be done accurately for proper diagnosis of TB, GeneXpert should always be used since its sensitivity is high and also detects Rifampicin resistance. Also, Performance of tests should be done using standard procedures to avoid errors in the test results.

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Detection of Rifampicin Resistance rpoB Gene Using GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Sharew,

Berhan,

Almaw

et al. 2024

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is a preventable and treatable disease leading to the second death globally. The evolution of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), particularly rifampicin resistance (RR), has hampered TB control efforts. Thus, this study aimed to provide information regarding the magnitude of MTB and rifampicin resistance among patients tested using the GeneXpert method.MethodsA retrospective analysis was carried out at DTCSH. The study included TB registration logbook data from all patients who visited the hospital and were tested for MTB with the Xpert MTB/RIF assay from 2017 to 2024. The laboratory‐based data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. Multilogistic regression analysis was employed, and a p value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 12,981 patient results were included, of which 8.9% (1160/12,981) were MTB‐positive and 7.1% (82/1160) were RR. Individuals aged 15–29 years (AOR = 2.13; 95% CI = 1.55–2.93, p < 0.001), living in rural areas (AOR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.08–1.41, p = 0.003), and HIV+ (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.48–2.33, p < 0.001) had a higher risk of developing tuberculosis. While RR was identified in 63.4% (52/82) of new, 24.4% (20/82) of re‐treated, and 12.2% (10/82) of failed presumptive TB patients.ConclusionIn this study, MTB and RR trends were high. Productive age groups, rural populations, and HIV patients were at risk. To lessen the burden of this contagious and fatal disease, it is recommended to increase early diagnosis of drug‐resistant TB and enhance infection control.

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Diagnostic Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Assay Versus Ziehl-Neelsen Method for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Impact of the use of GeneXpert on TB diagnosis and anti-TB treatment outcome at health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in the post-millennium development years

Impact of the use of GeneXpert on TB diagnosis and anti-TB treatment outcome at health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in the post-millennium development years

Performance of acid fast techniques and genexpert in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in Uasin Gishu county health facilities, Kenya

Detection of Rifampicin Resistance rpoB Gene Using GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

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