Diagnostic, Prognostic and Theranostic Biomarkers for Rheumatoid Arthritis

McGeough, Cathy; Bjourson, Anthony J.

doi:10.4172/2155-9899.s6-002

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In contrast, other studies based on therapy with biologic DMARDs such as adalimumab, rituximab and infliximab reported that measurement of ACPA has the potential to guide therapy with these agents [ 36 – 39 ]. Importantly, and not addressed in the present study, ACPA status, as well as alterations in ACPA during the course of RA, may have prognostic value as these have been associated with both disease severity and radiographic progression [ 40 – 49 ]. Moreover, ACPA levels have also been found to correlate with diastolic dysfunction and reduced myocardial mass in patients with RA [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies, cytokines and genotype as biomarkers of response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis

Ally

Hodkinson

Meyer

et al. 2015

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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BackgroundTo measure circulating anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) and cytokines pre- and 6 months post-therapy as a strategy to predict and optimize responses to traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in early RA, which is an unmet need in developing countries.Patients and methodsA cohort of 140 predominantly (88.5 %) black female South African patients with early RA was treated with synthetic DMARDs, mostly methotrexate (MTX) alone, or in combination with low-dose oral corticosteroids (CS). Circulating ACPA and a panel of circulating cytokines/chemokines/growth factors were measured at baseline and after 6 months of therapy in relation to disease activity and Shared Epitope (SE).ResultsFollowing 6 months of therapy, the median simplified disease activity index (SDAI) declined from a baseline of 41.4 to 16.0 (p = 0.0001) for the entire cohort, which was paralleled by significant falls in median serum ACPA levels (516.6 vs. 255.7 units/ml, p = <0.0001) and several of the circulating cytokines (IL-4, IL-7, IL-8, G-CSF, VEGF; p < 0.0010 – p < 0.0001) which were most evident in the subgroup of patients treated with a combination of MTX and CS. Although biomarker concentrations decreased most notably in the low-disease activity group post-therapy, no significant correlations between these biomarkers and disease activity were observed, Baseline ACPA levels, but not SDAI or cytokines, were significantly higher in the subgroup of risk allele-positive patients (561.1 vs. 331.9 units/ml, p < 0.05), while no associations with ACPA and a smoking history were evident.ConclusionsThe use of DMARDs in RA is associated with significant decreases in ACPA and cytokines which did not correlate with changes in SDAI, precluding the utility of serial measurement of these biomarkers to monitor early responses to therapy, but may have prognostic value.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12891-015-0587-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies, cytokines and genotype as biomarkers of response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis

Ally

Hodkinson

Meyer

et al. 2015

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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“…In another strategy paper, anticitrullinated protein antibodies would be exploited to be employed as potential therapeutic agents [28]. Using a different approach, McGeough and Bjourson [29] discuss how identifying specific RA biomarkers could enable clinicians to measure RA disease activity and thus provide an effective clinical evaluation tool for systematically analyzing the response of patients to new and older RA drugs. Finally, recent experimental and clinical studies using the anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, tocilizumab for the treatment of RA [30] has led to a proposal to promote tocilizumab as a "first-line" therapy for RA.…”

Section: Clinical and Cellular Immunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapies and Rheumatoid Arthritis-Introduction

Malemud¹

2013

J Clin Cell Immunol

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“…It is now becoming apparent that genetic polymorphisms are not only an important factor in disease development, but also can be employed as biomarkers. Clinically, biomarkers are used as prognostic indicators as well as precautionary markers for some diseases (McGeough and Bjourson, 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune-related gene polymorphisms in pulmonary diseases

et al. 2017

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Between the DNA sequences of two randomly-selected human genomes, which consist of over 3 billion base pairs and twenty five thousand genes, there exists only 0.1% variation and 99.9% sequence identity. During the last couple of decades, extensive genome-wide studies have investigated the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the most common DNA variations, and susceptibility to various diseases. Because the immune system's primary function is to defend against myriad infectious agents and diseases, the large number of people who escape serious infectious diseases underscores the tremendous success of this system at this task. In fact, out of the third of the global human population infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis during their lifetime, only a few people develop active disease, and a heavy chain smoker may inexplicably escape all symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and other smoke-associated lung diseases. This may be attributable to the genetic makeup of the individual(s), including their SNPs, which provide some resistance to the disease. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), transcription factors, cytokines and chemokines all play critical roles in orchestrating immune responses and their expression/activation is directly linked to human disease tolerance. Moreover, genetic variations present in the immune-response genes of various ethnicities may explain the huge differences in individual outcomes to various diseases and following exposure to infectious agents. The current review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of pulmonary diseases and the relationship of genetic variations in immune response genes to these conditions.

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Diagnostic, Prognostic and Theranostic Biomarkers for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Circulating anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies, cytokines and genotype as biomarkers of response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis

Circulating anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies, cytokines and genotype as biomarkers of response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis

Immunotherapies and Rheumatoid Arthritis-Introduction

Immune-related gene polymorphisms in pulmonary diseases

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