Diagnostic relevance of the determination of lymphocyte subpopulations in environmental medicine

Schwenk, Michael; Sack, Ulrich; Esser, Charlotte; Klein, Reinhild

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2006.10.002

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…In a previous paper we have shown increased incidence of raised blood glucose level, anemia, thyroid alterations, myoma and other benign tumors in the cytostatic drug exposed nurses [15]. Interindividual variability of immune parameters is high in human populations, so a change in a single immune test in an individual may not indicate increased susceptibility for disease [40]. Nevertheless, even a subtle alteration in an immunity biomarker in the whole population indicates immunotoxicity [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotoxicity Monitoring of Hospital Staff Occupationally Exposed to Cytostatic Drugs

Bíró¹,

Fodor²,

Major³

et al. 2010

Pathol. Oncol. Res.

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The aim of our study was to investigate the immunotoxicity of occupational cytostatic drug exposure, and to assess the possible effect of confounding factors, such as age and smoking. In this human study, the immunotoxic effect of antineoplastic drugs was investigated among 306 nurses working in oncology chemotherapy units. Results were compared to 98 non-exposed women. The immune status of the subjects was characterized by immune phenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes by flow cytometry, using monoclonal antibodies against surface antigens (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD25, CD45, CD56 and CD71). The killing ability of neutrophil leukocytes was assessed by the measurement of reactive oxygen intermediate production. Occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs caused shifts in the major lymphocyte subpopulations, resulting in a statistically significant increase in the ratio of B cells. Cytostatic drug exposure also manifested itself in a decreased frequency of CD25 positive, activated T lymphocytes, and increased oxidative burst of neutrophil granulocytes, both of which may have a functional impact on the immune system of exposed subjects. In the younger subjects exposure also caused a shift in T cell subpopulations: a reduction in the cytotoxic T cell population lead to an elevated Th/Tc ratio. In the exposed group, smoking increased activation of T lymphocyte subpopulations. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that low dose occupational cytostatic drug exposure is immunotoxic, and age and smoking modify the effect of exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotoxicity Monitoring of Hospital Staff Occupationally Exposed to Cytostatic Drugs

Bíró¹,

Fodor²,

Major³

et al. 2010

Pathol. Oncol. Res.

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“…More serious disorders such as reduced fertility and problems during pregnancy are mentioned [7]. Interindividual variability of immune parameters is high in human populations, so a change in a single immune test in an individual may not indicate increased susceptibility for disease [28]. Nevertheless, even a subtle alteration in an immunity biomarker in the whole population indicates immunotoxicity [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Style Factors Influencing Immunotoxic Effects Detected on Peripherial Blood Lymphocytes of Health Personnel Exposed to Anesthetic Gas

Bíró¹,

Tompa²

2013

Clin Exp Pharmacol

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In this study, changes in the immune phenotype of 127 subjects exposed to anesthetic gases from health services were measured by flow cytometry. The data was compared to healthy, non-exposed controls. We supposed that there is a relationship between health risk for the personnel exposed to anesthetic gases and the alteration of the measured immune parameters in the presence or absence of confounding factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption. In the group of health personnel exposed to anesthetic gases, we found a statistically significant increase in the ratio of CD25+/CD8+ cells -activated cytotoxic T cells -compared to the control. In those workplaces, where protective measures were strictly adhered to (with quality assurance) the activation of lymphocytes was at control level, however, where there was no quality assurance, activation of lymphocytes increased significantly compared to the control. In the anesthetic gas exposed smokers, there was a statistically significant shift in the T cell subpopulations: the percentage of helper T cells increased, while the percentage of cytotoxic T cell decreased, leading to an elevated Th/ Tc ratio compared to the nonsmokers. Our results suggest that our biomarkers can be useful in tracking occupational/ environmental immunotoxic effects. Smoking as a confounding factor has to be taken into account when assessing occupational exposures.

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“…This facilitates electrostatic separation of homogeneous cell populations, and is termed fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Table 3 Typical cellular properties that are measured by flow cytometry (adapted from [4]). …”

Section: Methods For Identifying Lymphocyte Subpopulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Occupational and environmental illnesses are often associated with alterations in the immune system [3,4]. One way in which these alterations may be manifest is through changes in the relative proportions of subpopulations of lymphocytes, which are defined by the expression of specific surface markers [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocyte subpopulations in human exposure to metals (IUPAC Technical Report)

Schwenk¹,

Klein

Templeton

2008

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is permitted without theAbstract: Numerous species of metal ions cause immunosensitization in humans. Possible approaches to determine those occupational and environmental exposures to metals that result in immunological changes include lymphocyte transformation assay, cytokine profiling, and measurement of lymphocyte subpopulations. In two previous papers, we considered lymphocyte transformation assay [1] and cytokine profiling [2]. Here we review the effects of exposures to metals on lymphocyte subpopulations. Specific consideration is given to beryllium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, palladium and platinum, cadmium, gold, mercury, and lead. Analysis of the scientific literature shows that immunosensitizing metals may have influences on the lymphocyte subset composition, but only in a few instances does exposure to metals cause reproducible shifts of lymphocyte subpopulations. If lymphocyte subpopulations are analyzed, each diagnostic step, including indication, sample handling, analytic procedure, and data interpretation, should adhere to good quality assurance and quality control.

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Diagnostic relevance of the determination of lymphocyte subpopulations in environmental medicine

Cited by 7 publications

References 137 publications

Immunotoxicity Monitoring of Hospital Staff Occupationally Exposed to Cytostatic Drugs

Immunotoxicity Monitoring of Hospital Staff Occupationally Exposed to Cytostatic Drugs

Life Style Factors Influencing Immunotoxic Effects Detected on Peripherial Blood Lymphocytes of Health Personnel Exposed to Anesthetic Gas

Lymphocyte subpopulations in human exposure to metals (IUPAC Technical Report)

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