Diagnostic Utility and Significance of Performing Multistep Level Sections in Breast and Gynecologic Biopsy Specimens

Abstract

Objectives The significance of performing multistep level sections, including preparation of unstained sections in breast and gynecologic biopsy specimens, has been studied. Methods Consecutive H&E-stained level sections of 785 atypical and malignant biopsy specimens were included. The diagnostic material was categorized into present, absent, increased in size, or depleted. If the multistep level sections helped in establishing the diagnosis after a nondiagnostic material or the tissue significantly increased in size, this was considered a positive impact. Results No effect and positive impact of performing multistep level sections were obtained in 84.8% and 15.2% by preparing a second level and 97.2% and 2.8% by preparing a third level, respectively. Eighteen (2.3%) of the diagnoses could have been missed without performing a second level, while 8 (1%) could have been missed without performing a third level. The intervening unstained sections were used in 27 of 785 (3.4%) of the cases. Conclusions Staining two level sections with H&E significantly affected the diagnosis. However, preparing a third level did not improve the diagnosis. A universal protocol should be considered to standardize the handling of biopsy specimens among laboratories.

Mammary Paget’s Disease of Young Females: Case Reports and Comparison With Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients

“…This makes it more difficult to save the nipples of young patients. Fortunately, Amin et al 23 found by whole-exome sequencing that frequent mutations in chromatin remodeling genes in mammary and extramammary PD and mammary PD and underlying breast ductal carcinomas represent independent oncogenic events. Does this mean that Paget’s disease of the breast and the underlying cancer can be treated separately?…”