Diagnostic Value of Serum Apolipoprotein B100 Combined With Hippocampal Volume in Alzheimer's Disease

Abstract

PurposeTo explore the diagnostic value of serum apolipoprotein B100 (Apo B100) combined with hippocampal volume in Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsA total of 59 AD patients and 59 healthy subjects were selected. The Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used for neuropsychological assessment. Blood glucose and serum lipid levels were detected by biochemical analyzer. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect apolipoprotein E (Apo E) ε3/ε4 genotypes in the plasma. Hippocampal volume was calculated using Slicer software. Independent‐sample t test or Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare the levels of various indicators between the two groups. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between each level. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to compare the diagnostic efficacy of individual and combined detection of serum Apo B100 levels and hippocampal volume in AD.ResultsCompared with the healthy control group, the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), Apo B100, and plasma Apo E ε3/ε4 were higher in the AD group, and serum high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) level was lower in the AD group (both p < 0.05). The hippocampal volume in the AD group was lower than in the control group (p < 0.01). The serum Apo B100 level was negatively correlated with MMSE score (r = −0.646), whereas hippocampal volume was positively correlated with MMSE score (r = 0.630). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of the combined serum Apo B100 level and hippocampal volume for AD was higher than that of either alone (AUC = 0.821, p < 0.01).ConclusionSerum Apo B100 level is elevated, and the hippocampal volume is reduced in AD patients. The combined detection of the two has a higher diagnostic efficiency for AD than other alone and has the potential to become an important indicator for the diagnosis of AD in the future.